试析钱钟书对四库馆臣辑编《竹隐畸士集》的三则误判——兼驳(元)吴师道对宋代七体佳作《七进》的曲解

Analysis of Qian Zhongshu’s Three Misjudgements on Zhuyin Jishiji Collected by Sikuguan Scholars——Criticism on Wu Shidao (Yuan Dynasty)’s Misinterpretation of Qijin of the Song Dynasty

钱钟书先生《宋诗纪事补正》卷三十二对四库馆臣辑编赵鼎臣《竹隐畸士集》(二十卷)提出批评:"以南宋徐似道《竹隐集》诗掺入""以元潘祖仁《七进图记》张冠李戴",又漏辑赵鼎臣之"洋洋大文"《游岱岳记》。这三则批评,第一则不确切,馆臣失误不在掺入"徐诗",而在于误解了《后村诗话》的诗评对象;第二、三则批评则更于事实不符,馆臣无错,倒是钱先生失检误判了。而钱先生的第二则误判,又与其轻信元代吴师道对宋代七体佳作《七进》人物及作者的曲解错释有着直接的关系。

Qian Zhongshu criticized the collection by Sikuguan Scholars of Zhao Dingchen’s Zhuyin JishiJi(20 volumes) in his Volume 32 of Songshi Jishi Buzheng: "mistake into the collection Zhuyinji by Xu Sidao of Southern Song Dynasty", "confuse with Qijin Tuji by Pan Zuren of Yuan Dynasty",and leave out Zhao Dingchen’s famous work Youdai Yueji. The first criticism is not accurate in that the scholars did not mistake but misunderstood the object of poetry criticism in Houcun Shihua. The second and third criticisms are untrue in that the scholars are not at fault but Qian Zhongshu misjudged. The second criticism is also directly related to his credulity in Wu Shidao’s misinterpretation of the character and author of Qijin of Song Dynasty.