2006-2020年浙江省动物间鼠疫监测资料分析

Analysis of surveillance data of animal plague from 2006 to 2020 in Zhejiang Province, China

目的了解浙江省动物间鼠疫的流行特征及现状,以期为全省鼠疫防控工作提供数据支撑。方法采用回顾性研究,自"鼠疫防治管理信息系统"收集2006-2020年浙江省动物间鼠疫监测数据;采用描述性流行病学方法,对家栖鼠和野栖鼠密度,鼠种、蚤种检出及分布情况,宿主动物的血清学和病原学检测结果进行分析。结果2006-2020年浙江省年均家栖鼠密度为3.99%,高于年均家栖鼠密度的年份有2006、2007、2008、2009、2019、2020年;年均野栖鼠密度为4.52%,高于年均野栖鼠密度的年份有2013、2016、2017、2018、2019、2020年。2006-2020年共捕获173432只鼠形动物,隶属3目5科12属17种;在鼠种构成中,褐家鼠最多,占32.15%(55765/173432)。共检鼠107736只,染蚤鼠数为3885只,染蚤率为3.61%;获蚤数为9039匹,蚤指数为0.0839。浙江省各监测点共检测血清学样品172235份,检出阳性样品10份,分别为黑线姬鼠7份、臭鼩鼱2份和褐家鼠1份,滴度范围为1∶40~1∶320;共培养鼠肝、脾脏器163618份,均未分离到鼠疫菌。结论浙江省连续多年检出阳性宿主动物,仍需进一步规范鼠疫监测,做好防复燃和输入疫情的应急准备。

Objective To investigate the epidemic characteristics and current situation of animal plague in Zhejiang Province,in order to provide data support for prevention and control of the plague in the whole province.Methods A retrospective study was carried out to collect surveillance data of animal plague in Zhejiang Province from 2006 to 2020 from the"Pubonic Plague Control Management Information System".Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the density of domestic and wild rodents,the distribution of rodent species and flea species,and the serological and pathogenic test results of host animals.Results From 2006 to 2020,the annual average density of domestic rodent in Zhejiang Province was 3.99%,which was lower than that in 2006,2007,2008,2009,2019 and 2020.The annual average density of wild rodents was 4.52%,which was lower than that in 2013,2016,2017,2018,2019 and 2020.From 2006 to 2020,a total of 173432 rodents were captured,belonging to 3 orders,5 families,12 genera and 17 species;in the composition of rodent species,Rattus norvegicus was the most,accounting for 32.15%(55765/173432).A total of 107736 rodents were examined,the number of flea-infected rodent was 3885,and the flea-infested rate was 3.61%;the total number of flea collected was 9039 and the total flea index was 0.0839.A total of 172235 serological samples were tested at various monitoring sites in Zhejiang Province,and 10 positive samples were detected,there were 7 copies of Apodemus agrarianus,2 copies of Smelly Shrew and 1 copy of Rattus norvegicus,with titers ranging from 1∶40-1∶320;a total of 163618 copies of rodent liver and spleen organs were cultured,and no Yersinia pestis was isolated.Conclusions Positive host animals have been detected in Zhejiang Province for many years.It is necessary to further standardize plague surveillance and make emergency preparations to prevent relapse and import of the epidemics.