基于问题链的初中数学课堂高阶思维培养路径研究

The Cultivation Path of Higher Order Thinking in Junior Middle School Mathematics Classroom Based on Question Chain

高阶思维培养是新时代落实核心素养的重要途径,数学课堂是思维培养的主要阵地,而问题是高阶思维发展的最大动力。在厘清数学高阶思维的内涵和构成要素基础上,以发现和提出问题、分析问题、解决问题、发展问题和反思问题为五大环节,探索了情境型问题链导入、阶梯型问题链展开、探究型问题链建模、发散型问题链拓展与反思型问题链深化五方面的高阶思维培养路径,以"锐角三角函数"的创新教学设计为例,具体分析了如何发展学生的数学抽象思维、数学逻辑思维、数学模型思维、数学创新思维和数学批判思维等五大数学高阶思维,以期为中学教师将高阶思维培养融入数学教学提供有效路径和教学参考。

Higher order thinking cultivating is an important way to implement key competence in the new era,mathematics classroom is the main position of thinking training,while question is the biggest driving force for the development of higher order thinking.On the basis of clarifying the connotation and constituent elements of higher order thinking in mathematics,based on five links which are discover and propose problems,analyze problems,solve problems,develop problems and reflect on problems,the cultivation paths of higher order thinking was explored from five aspects:introduction of situational question chain,expansion of ladder question chain,modeling of inquiry question chain,expansion of divergent question chain and deepening of reflective question chain.With innovative teaching design of"trigonometric function of acute angle"as an example,the study points out development of the students’mathematical abstract thinking,mathematical logical thinking,mathematical model thinking,mathematical innovative thinking and mathematical critical thinking,in order to provide an effective ways and teaching reference for middle school teachers to integrate higher order thinking training into mathematics teaching.