发热伴血小板减少综合征病毒温度敏感性研究

Study of the temperature sensitivity of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus

目的研究发热伴血小板减少综合征病毒(severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus,SFTSV)对温度的敏感性,为SFTSV的消毒和实验室生物安全防护提供依据。方法将SFTSV细胞培养上清液分装到250μL的PCR管中,100μL/管,分别放置在4℃冰箱,以及25℃、37℃、39℃、56℃、70℃金属浴中,处理预定时间后,再将其感染Vero细胞,采用间接免疫荧光法测定病毒滴度。结果随温度的升高,病毒滴度下降速度加快,在4℃、25℃、37℃和39℃放置24 h后病毒滴度由10^(7.25)/100μL分别下降到10^(7.00)/100μL、10^(6.75)/100μL、10^(6.50)/100μL和10^(5.00)/100μL。同一温度,随放置时间的延长,病毒滴度下降趋势也愈加明显,SFTSV在4℃、25℃、37℃放置72 h后,病毒滴度由10^(7.25)/100μL分别下降到10^(6.63)/100μL、10^(6.50)/100μL和10^(3.38)/100μL。SFTSV在39℃放置72 h失去感染性,在56℃作用180 min或70℃放置5 min即被灭活。结论SFTSV 70℃放置5 min即被灭活,但其在4℃和25℃条件下放置3 d,病毒滴度变化不明显,实验室和医务人员应重视个人防护和对被SFTSV污染过的物品的消毒。

This study investigated the temperature sensitivity of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus(SFTSV)to provide a basis for SFTSV disinfection and laboratory biosafety protection.We divided SFTSV cell culture supernatants into 250μL PCR vials at 100μL/tube,and placed them in a refrigerator at 4℃,and a metal bath at 25℃,37℃,39℃,56℃,and 70℃.After treatment for predetermined periods of time,the viral titer was determined through indirect immunofluorescence in Vero cells.With increasing temperature,the rate of decline of the viral titer increased.After incubation at 4℃,25℃,37℃,and 39℃for 24 h,the titers decreased from 10^(7.25)/100μL to 10^(7.00)/100μL,10^(6.75)/100μL,10^(6.50)/100μL,and 10^(5.00)/100μL,respectively.At the same temperature,with prolonged storage time,the decrease in titer became more pronounced.After SFTSV was placed at 4℃,25℃,37℃for 72 h,the viral titer decreased from 10^(7.25)/100μL to 10^(6.63)/100μL,10^(6.50)/100μL,and 10^(3.38)/100μL,respectively.SFTSV lost its infectivity after incubation at 39℃for 72 h.SFTSV was inactivated after exposure to 56℃for 180 min or 70℃for 5 min.We concluded that SFTSV is inactivated after incubation at 70℃for 5 min.However,after 3 days of exposure to 4℃and 25℃,the viral titer did not change significantly.Laboratories and medical staff should focus on personal protection and disinfection of items contaminated by SFTSV.