计算机辅助设计改良腭侧边缘定制护齿器对运动员配戴舒适性的影响

Research on improved custom mouthguard by CAD/CAM in Chinese women’s field hockey athletes

目的采用数字化印模和计算机辅助设计,制作两种边缘长度的护齿器,并对上述两种护齿器在专业运动员中的使用稳定性与佩戴舒适度进行评价。方法共纳入40名女子曲棍球职业/半职业运动员,均为恒牙列,牙周情况良好,张口度正常。检查记录口内基本情况后制取印模,灌注超硬石膏模型;使用3Shape D2000扫描仪(3Shape,丹麦)扫描模型,采用3Shape Dental System设计软件(3Shape,丹麦)设计两种不同腭侧边缘的护齿器,边缘长度分别为2 mm(MG1)与5 mm(MG2),压膜法制作两组护齿器各20副。测量各组护齿器的质量与厚度,采用平行对照方法,随访视觉评估量表,对两组护齿器在咬合、发音、呼吸、不适感、易变形程度、张闭口度、咀嚼肌酸痛程度、吞咽、恶心异物感与主观固位力各方面进行评分。结果采用SPSS软件进行统计分析,P<0.05被认为差异有统计学意义。结果MG1与MG2在各测量点厚度上差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),MG1组平均质量为(9.45±0.521)g,MG2组为(10.34±0.546)g,MG1较MG2质量减小8.61%(P<0.05)。MG1在发音、不适感、吞咽与恶心感方面得分较MG2低(P<0.05)。在咬合、呼吸、变形程度、唇部闭合、肌肉酸痛、主观固位力方面,两者差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论通过计算机辅助设计的定制护齿器各测量点厚度一致。改良腭侧边缘的定制护齿器与传统护齿器相比,主观固位力无明显改变,但在发音、吞咽、不适与恶心感上有明显改善。

Objective The objectives of this study were to test the influence of different palatal edges of custom-made mouthguards on retention and wearing comfort of professional athletes.Methods 40 female hockey players were enrolled in a parallel-controlled study.All players were asked to wear customized mouthguard with palatal edge length of 2 mm(MG1)and 5 mm(MG2).Visual assessment scales(VAS)were completed,assessed in terms of occlusion,pronunciation,breathing,discomfort,lip movement,muscle soreness,swallowing nausea and subjective retention.Paired t test was used for analysis on SPSS.P<0.05 was considered to have statistical difference.Results No significant differences were observed between MG1 and MG2 in thickness,occlusion,breathing,lip movement,muscle soreness and subjective retention.On the other hand,scores on pronunciation,discomfort,swallowing and nausea were significantly decreased compared to MG2(P<0.05).Conclusions Compared with the traditional mouthguard,the thickness at each measuring point was the same by using CAD/CAM.Modified customized mouthguard on the palatal edge had no significant change in subjective retention,but had significant improvement in pronunciation,swallowing,discomfort and nausea.