论牟宗三对道家形而上学的重构——以“有”“无”为中心

On Mou Zongsan’s Reconstruction of Taoism Metaphysics——Centered on“Being”and“Nonbeing”

在西方哲学存有论的背景下,如何实现传统哲学的现代化,是一个艰巨的任务。牟宗三参照佛教的判教和圆教理论,从存有论的视角出发,以道家对“有”“无”的讨论为核心,判定西方哲学“being”问题是执的/内在的存有论,又从“道生万物”发展出一个超越的存有论,在道家玄学化理解的基础上进一步哲学化(存有论化),完成了“道家式的圆教中的存有论”,重构了道家的形而上学,为中国哲学的现代化提供了一个典型案例。

Under the background of ontology of western philosophy,it is an arduous task to realize the modernization of traditional Chinese philosophy.With the reference of Buddhism’s theory of perfect teaching,Mou Zongsan started from the perspective of ontology,focused on Taoism’s discussion of being and nonbeing,and finished the reconstruction of Taoist ontology.In this way,Mou reconstructed Taoism metaphysics,and provided a typical case for the modernization of Chinese philosophy.