从人文主义到后人文主义:后人类时代的教育学之思

From Humanism to Post-humanism:Thoughts on Pedagogy in Post-human Era

源于西方的现代教育理念及其实践深深扎根于人文主义的传统之中。"以人为中心","重视人的潜能发展和增强","强调身心二分、心先于身"是现代人文主义教育学的基本主张。现代教育实践的展开及其演进正是建立在这些人文主义的教育信条之上的。然而,随着各种新兴技术的高速发展及其正在引发的变革,现代社会正在进入一个新的时代——后人类时代。现代人文主义教育学的核心理念及其实践正在遭遇新的时代境遇的挑战,重审现代人文主义教育学势在必行。基于后人类时代视域,借鉴后人类哲学话语,展开对现代人文主义教育学的批判并尝试建构一种后人文主义的教育学思路,其基本主张为"从人类中心到万物共生的教育视角转换""从人的增强到人的完善的教育理念回归"以及"从身心二元到身心一体的教育原则重构"。

Practice of modern education that stem from the tradition of humanism. Human-centered, attention to the development and enhancement about potential of human, emphasis dualism of the body and mind are the core assertion of pedagogy. The modern education practice are based on the educational credo of humanism. However, with the rapid development of the emerging technologies and the transformation by which, a new era the post-human era is coming. The modern pedagogy is suffering some challenge by the new era, review the idea of education that based on modern humanism become necessary. In the vision of post-human era, draw lessons from the philosophy idea of posthuman and critiism and reconstruction the modern pedagogy. We should put forward one kind of pedagogy of posthumanism, advocate three change of modern pedagogy, it includes the angle conversion from human-centered to everything;return of ideas from the enhancement of human to the perfection of human;principle reconstruction from the dualism of the body and mind to body-mind integrity.