藏文史料中有关喀尔喀却图汗的问题探讨

Discussion on the Issues of Khalkha Chogthu Khan in Tibetan Historical Materials

喀尔喀却图汗(1581—1637)是蒙藏关系史上的一位重要历史人物,曾在17世纪30年代初期侵据青海,一时势力非常强盛。当时,他与蒙古林丹汗、康区的白利土司、藏巴汗结盟,对格鲁派进行打压,以期扩大自己的势力,此举也在蒙藏关系史上留下了深刻的影响。但于1637年被卫拉特蒙古联军打畋,因此未能实现他的政治抱负,并被杀害。此后固始汗占领了青海。固始汗击杀却图汗成为明末清初青藏高原历史的重要转折点,也是格鲁派发展史上的一个重大事件。文章以藏文史料为基础、以汉文蒙古文史料及研究成果为参考,对藏文史料中有关喀尔喀却图汗方面的记载进行了进一步的分析。

Khalkha Chogthu Khan(1581-1637),an important historical figure in the history of Mongolian-Tibetan relations,invaded Qinghai in the early 1630s and was very powerful at that time.At that time,he allied with Lindan Khan of Mongolia,Beri chieftain of Khams region and gTsang pa khan to suppress the Gelug sect in order to expand his influence,which also left a profound impact on the history of Mongolian-Tibetan relations.But in 1637,he was defeated by the Oirat Mongolian army,so he failed to achieve his political ambition and was killed.After that,Gushi Khan occupied Qinghai.Gushi Khan's attack on Chogthu Khan became an important turning point in the history of Qinghai-Tibet plateau at the end of Ming Dynasty and the beginning of Qing Dynasty,and also an important event in the development of Gelug sect.This article is mainly based on Tibetan historical materials,with Chinese and Mongolian historical materials and research results as reference,aiming to make a further analysis of the records of Chogthu Khan in Tibetan historical materials.