电解质溶液对离子型稀土矿表面离子吸附的影响研究

Study on the Effect of Electrolyte Solution on the Ions Adsorption on the Surface of Ionic Type Rare Earth Ore

离子型稀土矿常采用离子交换浸出的方式进行稀土提取,受浸矿剂特性影响较大。从稀土浸出的本质原因—矿物表面带电为出发点,研究了电解质溶液中离子浓度、溶液p H及其阴离子类型对离子型稀土矿表面电荷性质的影响。结果表明,在p H3~6范围内,电解质浓度及溶液p H对矿物表面正/负离子吸附量具有较大影响,此影响作用与矿物表面可变电荷位点的质子化/去质子化行为及矿物正、负表面间的聚集作用有关;少量有机/配位阴离子在矿物表面的吸附可减少矿物正、负表面间的相互作用而降低矿物表面阳离子吸附量;大量SO_(4)^(2-)可明显降低阴离子在矿物表面的吸附量,但对表面阳离子吸附影响作用较复杂。综合结论可考虑从矿物表面改性的角度来强化离子型稀土的浸出过程。

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