基于表面肌电的不同脊柱前后倾角坐姿腰部肌肉收缩情况研究

Study on Lumbar Muscle Contraction in the Sitting Positions with Different Anteroposterior Inclination of the Spine Based on Surface Electromyography

目的:本研究通过飞行座椅模拟飞行员坐姿状态,利用表面肌电技术对不同脊柱前后倾角坐姿的腰部肌肉收缩情况进行评价,为飞行员的坐姿提供一定的参考。方法:本研究共招募20名被试者,每名被试者先后参加三组实验。在实验过程中,被试者坐于飞行座椅中并保持躯体中立正直状态,通过调节脚踏板位置使脊柱前后倾角分别固定为90°、100°和110°,要求被试者尽全力使全身肌肉收缩15 s,同时记录双侧多裂肌和竖脊肌的肌电信号,为避免发生肌肉疲劳,每组间隔1分钟。结果:四块所测肌肉在100°脊柱前后倾角下的均方根值(RMS)和积分肌电值(IEMG)均大于90°(P<0.01);右侧多裂肌在110°脊柱倾角下的RMS值大于90°(P<0.05);左侧多裂肌和左右竖脊肌在100°脊柱前后倾角下的RMS值大于110°(P<0.05),右侧竖脊肌在100°脊柱前后倾角下的IEMG值大于110°(P<0.01);在每组肌肉中,其余脊柱前后倾角之间肌电信号的比较没有统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:在不同的脊柱前后倾角中,左右多裂肌和竖脊肌在脊柱前后倾角为100°的坐姿中能发挥更大的肌肉力量。

Objective:In this study,the lumbar muscle contraction was evaluated by using surface electromyography(s EMG)technique in different anteroposterior inclination of the spine sitting posture which was simulated by flight seat,so as to provide some reference for the sitting posture of pilots.Methods:A total of 20 subjects were recruited in this study.Each participant participated in three sets of experiments successively.During the experiment,the subjects sat in the flight seat and kept the body upright,and the angle of the spine anteroposterior inclination was fixed at 90,100 and 110 respectively.The subjects were asked to try their best to contract the muscles of the whole body for 15 s.At the same time,the EMG signals of bilateral multifidus and erector spinal muscles were recorded.In order to avoid muscle fatigue,the intervals of each group were 10 minutes.Results:The root mean square value(RMS)and integral electromyography(IEMG)of the four muscles were greater than 90°at 100°anteroposterior inclination(P<0.01).The RMS value of right multifidus muscle was greater than 90°at 110°anteroposterior inclination(P<0.05).The RMS value of left multifidus muscle and left and right erector spinae muscle at 100°anteroposterior inclination was greater than 110°(P<0.05),and the IEMG value of right erector spinae muscle at 100°anteroposterior inclination was greater than 110°(P<0.01).There was no statistical significance in the comparison of EMG signals between the other spinal inclination angles in each muscle group(P>0.05).Conclusion:The left and right multifidus muscles and erector spines muscles can exert greater muscle power in the sitting position with the spine anteroposterior inclination angle of 100.