消费贷:现代金融服务模式的“抑”与“扬”

Consumer Credit:Regulation and Encourage Under the Modern Financial Service Model

金融资本是资金在金融领域获取剩余价值和利润的存在方式。其一方面有助于企业或者个人通过金融市场获得生产、消费所需资金,另一方面也会因过度追求剩余价值的特性而出现利益的短视性。聚焦近年来火爆的消费贷问题尤其是"双减"背景下频现的教育贷问题可见:正规金融机构因受到严格的利率、风控等要求,贷款规模裹足不前,无法满足更多受众群体的需求;与此同时,以P2P、小额信贷为代表的非正规金融在满足低信用、低收入人群的消费需求之余,出现了诱骗贷款、利率失控、征信失控、风控失控、催收失控等"偏轨"现象。而金融资本的监管依然局限于"管制"与"打击"的思路,难以摆脱"一放就乱,一乱就收,一收就死"的传统监管困境。对此,应在正确理解金融资本的特性和对需求侧改革作用的基础上,采取"抑扬"结合的方式规制消费贷,使其真正成为一种可持续、可重复且有利于公众的现代金融服务模式。

Financial capital is the reflection of capital to get the residual value and super profit in the financial field.The advantage of financial capital is to help the small enterprises or individuals to raise fund through the financial institution.However the disadvantage of financial capital is its shortsightedness for over pursuing the super profit.Take the education credit as an example,in one respect that the market share of the licensed financial institutions is limited due to the requirements on the rate cap,risk management and other compliance reasons but in the other respect,the non-licensed financial institutions bring a by-product of usury,fraud loan,violently collection.It looks like that the idea of Chinese regulation on the consumer credit is still limited on the controlling and striking method.We don’t believe that such traditional regulation method will get a balance between development and compliance in the consumer credit market.What we suggest is to introduce a new regulation idea to make the consumer credit as a sustainable,repeatable and beneficial financial service model both by the consideration of regulation and encourage.