康德区分开了理由与原因吗

Does Kant Make the Distinction of Reason and Cause

后期维特根斯坦所做出的最为独特的哲学贡献是将理由与原因严格地区别开来。正是基于这个区分,他对遵守规则现象及语言现象的本性做出了独特的说明。此区分不仅在维特根斯坦后期哲学中居于核心的位置,而且也在当代哲学特别是道德哲学和行动哲学的讨论中占有着一个非常重要的位置。维特根斯坦是哲学史上第一个明确地做出这种区别的哲学家。不过,这个断言与一些哲学史家的观点相背。著名康德专家艾利森声称,康德在其著名的理知因致性学说或自由学说中就已经做出了-至少应该做出了-维特根斯坦意义上的理由与原因之分。这种解读是错误的。

One of the most important philosophical contributions made by the later Wittgenstein is to distinguish reason from cause. On the basis of this distinction, he discussed the rule-following and the nature of language. This distinction plays a central role not only in Wittgenstein’s philosophy, but also in contemporary discussions on issues in moral philosophy and philosophy of action. On mine mind,Wittgenstein is the first philosopher in history who makes the distinction. But some philosophers don’ t think so. For example, Allison, one of the most important experts in Kant, claims that Kant already made, or at least should have made, this distinction in his doctrine of intelligible causation. I shall argue that this is a completely wrong interpretation of Kant’s doctrine.