蒙古扁桃再生体系建立的研究

Establishment of Regeneration System of Amygdalus mongolica

本研究以蒙古扁桃的成熟种胚作为外植体,研究不同培养基配比条件对芽诱导、芽增殖及生根的影响。结果表明:蒙古扁桃外植体的最佳消毒方法为2%的次氯酸钠消毒8 min+0.1%的升汞消毒5 min,存活率达到98.30%;芽诱导最佳培养基组合为WPM+6-BA 0.1 mg/L+IBA 0.5 mg/L+GA3 0.5 mg/L,诱导率为87.95%;芽增殖最佳基本培养基为MS培养基,最佳激素组合为6-BA 0.5 mg/L+IBA 0.1 mg/L,平均增殖系数为5.66,增殖率为100%;最佳的生根培养基组合为1/2MS+IBA 0.9mg/L;最佳炼苗基质为珍珠岩:蛭石:草炭土=1∶2∶3(珍珠岩和蛭石充分混匀,草炭土铺最下一层)。研究结果为蒙古扁桃快速繁殖提供技术保障,通过组织培养的方法促进侧根和须根的产生和生长,将解决直根系植物移栽困难的难题。

The paper aimed to study the effects of different medium ratios on the bud induction, bud proliferation, and rooting by using the mature seed embryos of Amygdalus mongolica as explants. The results showed that the best disinfection method for Amygdalus mongolica explants was 2% NaClO disinfection for 8 min+0.1% HgCL2 disinfection for 5 min, and the survival rate reached 98.30%.The optimal medium combination for bud induction was WPM+ 6-BA 0.1 mg/L+ IBA 0.5 mg/L+GA3 0.5 mg/L, with an induction rate of 87.95%. The optimal basic medium for bud proliferation was MS medium, and the optimal hormone combination was 6-BA 0.5 mg/L + IBA 0.1 mg/L, with a proliferation coefficient of 5.66 and a proliferation rate of 100%. The optimal rooting medium combination was 1/2 MS +IBA 0.9 mg/L. The best seedling cultivation substrate was perlite: vermiculite: peat soil =1∶2∶3(Perlite and vermiculite are thoroughly mixed, and peatsoil is laid on the bottom layer). The results provided technical supports for the rapid propagation of Amygdalus mongolica, and promoted the production and growth of lateral roots and fibrous roots through the tissue culture method,which would solve the problems of transplanting taproot plants difficultly.