诱供骗供司法规制的教义学分析

A doctrinal analysis of the judicial regulation of inducing and deceiving a confession

通过梳理现有规范,立法者对诱供骗供存在容许度。在承认诱供骗供裁量排除的正当性基础上,诱供骗供司法规制的价值基础不容忽视,涉及防范虚假供述、保障供述自愿性及维护人格尊严三个方面。然而,我国诱供骗供司法规制的实践效果不佳,呈"宽禁止,严排除"格局、"逐案审查,裁量权较大"态势、"弱规范,弱保障"特征。立足于我国国情和实际,诱供骗供司法规制模式向"权利保障型"转变势在必行,融合诱供骗供司法规制的价值导向与权利保障机制。为此,应将侦查讯问规范化置于基础性地位、增强犯罪嫌疑人讯问防御权、强化侦查讯问权力的规范与制约,推动个案正义的实现。

According to the norms, the legislator has a tolerance for inducing and deceiving a confession.On the basis of admitting the legitimacy of the discretionary exclusion of confession, the value of judicial regulation of confession can not be ignored, which involves the prevention of false confession, the protection of voluntary confession and the maintenance of human dignity. However, the practice effect of the judicial regulation of inducing and deceiving a confession in China is not ideal, showing the pattern of "wide prohibition,strict exclusion", "case by case review, large discretion" and "weak regulation, weak guarantee". Based on China’s national conditions and reality, it is imperative to transform the judicial regulation mode of decoy to the mode of "rights protection". Therefore, standardization of investigation and interrogation should be put in a basic position,thus to enhance the suspect’s defense right and to control investigative interrogation power, and finally to achieve justice in each individual case.