宏基因组方法分析燕窝的菌群多样性

Analysis of bacterial diversity in bird’s nest by metagenomics

目的对加工和未加工的燕窝样品进行宏基因组测序分析以了解燕窝样品菌群多样性。方法利用Illumina测序平台,采用16S rDNA扩增子测序方法比较不同类型样品中的微生物多样性及差异,并采用国家标准方法对其中的菌落总数、霉菌和酵母进行了计数及致病菌的分离鉴定。结果燕窝样品呈现出较高的菌群多样性,在属水平上,加工后的燕窝样品共有的优势菌属为微小杆菌属、节杆菌属、不动杆菌属、葡萄球菌属;未加工的燕窝样品共有的优势菌属为葡萄球菌属。菌落总数、霉菌和酵母计数并未见显著差异,4种样品中均分离出金黄色葡萄球菌。结论采用高通量测序技术对不同加工过程和筑巢地点的燕窝菌群多样性进行分析,结果显示燕窝筑巢地点和加工过程的不同均能影响样本中菌群的组成和丰度,主要包括对另矿生菌属、不动杆菌属等丰度的影响。此外加工过程还会降低燕窝样品中的致病菌丰度。本研究以期为燕窝品质及后续加工提供关键微生物信息。

Objective To analyze the macrogenomic sequencing of processed and unprocessed bird’s nest samples to understand the diversity of flora in bird’s nest samples.Methods Using Illumina sequencing platform and 16 S rDNA amplicon sequencing method was used to compare the microbial diversity and differences in different types of samples,and the national standard method was used to count the total number of colonies,mold and yeast as well as the isolation and identification of pathogenic bacteria.Results The bird’s nest samples showed high diversity of flora,at the genus level,the dominant bacteria in the processed bird’s nest samples were Microbacillus,Arthrobacter,Acinetobacter and Staphylococcus;the dominant bacteria in unprocessed bird’s nest samples was Staphylococcus.There was no significant difference in total bacteria,mold and yeast count.Staphylococcus aureus was isolated from the 4 kinds of samples.Conclusion High-throughput sequencing technology is used to analyze the diversity of bird’s nest flora in different processing and nesting sites,and the results showed that the nesting sites and processing processes of bird’s nest could affect the composition and abundance of flora in the samples,mainly including the abundance of Aliifodinibius and Acinetobacter.In addition,the processing process will also reduce the abundance of pathogenic bacteria in bird’s nest samples.This study aims to provide key microbial information for bird’s nest quality and subsequent processing.