山东省肉鸡肌肉、肝脏和鸡蛋主要微量元素与部分重金属元素含量调查

Investigation on the contents of main trace elements and partial heavy metal elements in muscles,liver and eggs of broilers in Shandong Province

为了解山东省肉鸡肌肉、肝脏和鸡蛋产品中主要微量元素与部分重金属元素的含量,对其安全性进行评价,试验于2019年4月份—2020年4月份,在山东省16个地市的规模化养鸡场及农贸市场采集白羽肉鸡鸡胸肉45份、鸡腿肉44份、肝脏17份、褐壳鸡蛋83份,共189份,测定样品中锌(Zn)、铜(Cu)、锰(Mn)、铁(Fe)、铬(Cr)、镉(Cd)、铅(Pb)、汞(Hg)、砷(As)的含量,计算Cr、Cd、Pb、Hg、As的超标率和污染指数。结果表明:白羽肉鸡中Zn、Cu平均含量由高到低的顺序依次为腿肌>鸡蛋>肝脏>胸肌,Mn平均含量为鸡蛋>腿肌>肝脏>胸肌,Fe平均含量为鸡蛋>肝脏>腿肌>胸肌;在胸肌、腿肌、肝脏及鸡蛋中Cd、Pb、Hg和As均未检出;胸肌、腿肌、肝脏、鸡蛋中Cr的平均含量分别为1.03,1.06,1.16,0.95 mg/kg,超标率分别为28.89%、39.77%、35.29%、16.27%,污染指数分别为1.03,1.06,1.16和0.95,胸肌、腿肌、肝脏中Cr含量达轻度污染,鸡蛋达警戒线。说明山东省禽产品中Cr污染程度比其他重金属严重,要引起高度重视,加强饲料原料和家禽引用水中重金属的检测,确保饲料和饮水安全可,保证家禽产品的安全。

In order to understand the contents of main trace elements and partial heavy metal elements in muscles,liver and eggs of broilers in Shandong Province,and to evaluate their safety,189 samples were randomly collected in 16 cities of Shandong Province from April 2019 to April 2020,including 45 breast muscles,44 leg muscles,17 liver and 83 brown shell eggs.The contents of zinc(Zn),copper(Cu),manganese(Mn),iron(Fe),Chromium(Cr),cadmium(Cd),lead(Pb),mercury(Hg)and arsenic(As)in the samples were determined and the exceeding standard rate and pollution index of Cr,Cd,Pb,Hg,As were calculated.The results showed that,in white feather broilers the average content of Zn and Cu was in the order of leg muscle>egg>liver>breast muscle,and the average content of Mn was in the order of egg>leg muscle>liver>breast muscle.The average content of Fe was in the order of egg>liver>leg muscle>breast muscle.Cd,Pb,Hg and As were not detected in breast muscles,leg muscles,liver and eggs.The average content of Cr in breast muscles,leg muscles,liver and eggs was 1.03 mg/kg,1.06 mg/kg,1.16 mg/kg and 0.95 mg/kg;the exceeding standard rate were 28.89%,39.77%,35.29%and 16.27%respectively;the pollution index were 1.03,1.06,1.16 and 0.95 respectively;Cr levels in breast muscles,leg muscles and liver reached mild contamination and that in eggs reached alert level.It indicated that the pollution of Cr in poultry products in Shandong Province was more serious than other heavy metals.Attention should be paid to the detection of heavy metals in feed raw materials and poultry drinking water,so as to ensure the safety of feed and drinking water and ensure the safety of poultry products.