大型矿用液压挖掘机动臂运行及能效特性

Operation and Energy Efficiency Characteristics of Large-scale Mining Hydraulic Excavator Boom

作为大型矿用液压挖掘机的主要工作装置,重型机械臂在作业中主要做往复循环运动,下降过程中所具有的动势能会因控制阀口的节流效应转化为热能损失掉,该部分能量占发动机输出能量的20%以上,造成巨大能量浪费和废气排放。针对以上问题,提出在原双液压缸动臂驱动系统的基础上增设一个与液压蓄能器相连的独立储能液压缸,实现对重载机械臂动势能的回收及再利用。首先搭建260 t大型矿用液压挖掘机的仿真模型,其次对比两种系统驱动动臂时的运行和能效特性。结果表明:在空载和满载作业过程中,与原系统相比,采用独立储能液压缸系统分别可降低系统能耗85.11%和62.22%,节能效果显著。

As the main working device of a large-scale mining hydraulic excavator,the heavy-duty robotic arm mainly performs reciprocating motion during operation.The kinetic energy during the descent process will be converted into heat energy loss due to the throttling effect of the control valve port.It accounts for more than 20%of the engine's output energy,causing huge energy waste and exhaust emissions.Regarding the issue above,this paper proposes to add an independent energy storage hydraulic cylinder connected to the hydraulic accumulator on the basis of the original dual hydraulic cylinder boom drive system to realize the recovery and reuse of the kinetic energy of the heavy-duty mechanical arm.A simulation model of a 260 t large-scale mining hydraulic excavator was first built,and the operation and energy efficiency characteristics of the original system and the proposed new system were compared and analyzed when the boom was driven by the original system.It showed that in the process of no-load and full-load operation,compared with the original system,the proposed independent energy storage hydraulic cylinder system can reduce the energy consumption of the system by 85.11%and 62.22%,respectively,and the energy saving effect is significant.