饲养管理、环境及体况对妊娠母猪繁殖性能影响的研究进展

Research progress on effects of feeding management,environment and body condition on reproductive performance of gestation sows

在母猪饲养过程中,通过考虑到个体差异可以降低饲料成本,从而提高动物生产效率。因此,对母猪进行精准饲喂可以提供有关动物生产性能和生活条件的实时信息,这些信息应被集成到需求估计中。到目前为止,只有体重和背膘厚度的生产数据被集成到个体营养需求计算中。但文献报道,健康状况和行为(如身体活动、社会行为和在围栏中的位置)会强烈影响营养需求。采食或饮水行为的变化也可能表明健康或福利问题。因此,应根据这些健康和行为参数调整营养需求。此外,环境因素如热条件、住房类型和噪音水平也会影响营养需求,通过饲养环境传感器来记录这些参数,并将其集成到营养模型中,提高其营养的精准需要。

In the breeding process of sows,by taking individual differences into account,feed costs can be reduced and animal production efficiency can be improved.Therefore,accurate feeding of sows provides real-time information about the animal’s performance and living conditions,which should be integrated into demand estimates.Until now,only production data including body weight and backfat thickness have been integrated into the calculation of individual nutritional requirements.However,the literature reports that health status and behaviors,such as physical activity,social behavior,and location in fences,strongly influence nutritional requirements.Changes in eating or drinking behaviour may also indicate health or welfare problems.Therefore,nutritional requirements should be adjusted according to these health and behavioural parameters.In addition,environmental factors such as thermal conditions,housing type and noise levels also affect nutritional requirements.These parameters are recorded by sensors in the feeding environment and integrated into nutritional models to improve the accuracy of their nutritional needs.