社会保护视域下我国超大城市社会保障支出水平分析

Analysis on the Social Security Expenditure of Megacities in China:From the Perspective of Social Protection

随着人口规模的不断增加,超大城市社会保障问题日益成为学界研究的重点,对其进行深入研究具有重要的理论意义和实践价值。论文选取我国超大城市广州为例,利用亚洲开发银行所提出的社会保护分析方法对我国超大城市社会保障支出水平进行深入研究。通过比较发现:近年来,广州社会保障支出虽然实现了快速增长,但相比其他发达地区,社保支出水平仍处于相对落后位置,经济发展与社保支出存在一定程度的脱钩风险;另外,广州社会保障支出存在过分偏倚社会保险项目的倾向,这一现象导致当地社保项目存在内部结构不均衡,针对相对贫困人口的帮扶力度远低于其他发达地区,需引起高度重视。当前广州社会保障制度改革除了需要适度提高支出水平以外,同时还应注重社会保障项目的内部结构合理性,通过加大对相对贫困人口的倾斜力度,着力解决贫困人口在社会保障资源分配中的相对不公平问题。

With the increasing size of the population,the social security of megacities has become the focus of academic research.It has important theoretical significance and practical value to study it.Taking Guangzhou as an example,this paper makes an in-depth study on the social security of megacities in China by introducing the internationally accepted social protection index(SPI).The results show that:in recent years,social security expenditure in Guangzhou has achieved rapid growth,but compared with other developed areas,the social security expenditure is still relatively backward,and there is a certain degree of decoupling risk between economic development and social security expenditure.At the same time,compared with other developed regions,the social security expenditure in Guangzhou tends to be excessively biased towards social insurance projects,which leads to the internal structure imbalance of local social security projects and the support for the relatively poor population is far lower than that in other developed regions.On the whole,the future reform of the social security system should not only appropriately increase the level of expenditure,but also pay attention to the rationality of the internal structure of social security projects.By increasing the inclination to the relatively-poor people,we should strive to solve the problem of the relatively unfair distribution of social security resources of the poor population.