平台技术赋能、公共博弈与复杂适应性治理

Platform Technology Enabling,Public Gaming and Complex Adaptive Governance

平台是一个由多主体交互作用、数据与技术驱动的复杂适应性网络生态系统,具有结构复杂、行为复杂、功能复杂、治理复杂等特征,存在边界的开放性与价值分配的闭环性悖论。作为一种新型的社会资本,平台具有赋能、赋权与控制三种能力,平台赋能与平台规模之间满足"幂律法则",并通过增量式赋权与外部整合重构等机制实现赋能。平台发展带来诸多"创造性破坏",存在责任异化、技术滥用、算法控制、公共博弈、数据安全等问题。平台治理需要从复杂性理论出发对平台结构、渠道、算法、规则、权责等进行复杂适应性治理,在盈利性与社会责任、专属性与公共性、创新与安全等方面实现动态平衡,提升平台的技术赋能与公共服务能力,防止平台异化。从技术赋能、公共博弈与复杂适应性治理几个方面,对平台治理的逻辑进行系统思考,提出平台治理的科学模式和有效机制。

A platform is a complex adaptive network ecosystem driven by multi-agent interaction and by data and technology.It is characterized by the complexity of its structure,its behavior,its function and its governance and by the existence of a closed-loop paradox between the openness of its borders and its value distribution.As a new type of social capital,platforms have three forms of capacity:enabling,empowering and controlling.There is a "power laws rule "between platform enabling and platform scale.Enabling is realized through incremental enabling and external integration and reconstruction.Platform development has brought many challenges,including "creative destruction," alienation of existential responsibility,abuse of technology,algorithm control,public gaming,data security,etc.Platform governance needs to start out from complexity theory and move on to the complex adaptive governance of platform structures,channels,algorithms,rules,rights and responsibilities.It must set up a dynamic equilibrium between profitability and social responsibility,the exclusive and the public,and innovation and security,in order to enhance the technology enabling and public service capacity of the platform and prevent platform alienation.This paper provides systemic thinking on the logic of platform governance in terms of technology enabling,public gaming and complex adaptive governance,positing a scientific model and effective mechanism for platform governance.