应用于电主轴的永磁同步电机转子压装工艺

Press Mounting Process of Rotor of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Applied to Motorized Spindle

从永磁体材料的温度特性以及永磁同步电动机转子的结构特点两方面对永磁体进行性能分析,介绍在永磁转子与转轴的压装过程中需要注意的问题,并针对不同的永磁体材料,根据其材料特性,分析永磁转子与转轴间特殊压装工艺要求并设计相关压装工艺适用的工装。以保持永磁体磁性不退损以及永磁体不碎裂为目的,提出转轴降温冷压以及转轴和转子同时降温冷压两种针对内置式永磁电机转子压装方案。为了使方案的可行性得到保证,设计了两种转子压装用工装,并建立了与永磁体压装量相关的温度及参数模型用以计算实际压装量。设计的工装及数学模型已在实际工作中使用超过6个月,证明了工装及模型的可行性,在压装完成后实测永磁转子磁性无损失,解决了压装过程中永磁体易碎裂,易消磁的问题,有效提高了永磁同步电机转子压装效率及压装成功率。

The performance of permanent magnet was analyzed from two aspects:the temperature characteristics of permanent magnet materials and the structural characteristics of permanent magnet synchronous motor rotor,and the problems needing attention in the press fitting process of permanent magnet rotor and rotating shaft was introduced,the special press fitting process requirements between permanent magnet rotor and rotating shaft were analyzed,and the tooling applicable to the relevant press fitting process was designed.In order to keep the magnetism of permanent magnet from losing and breaking,two pressing schemes for the rotor of built-in permanent magnet motor were proposed:cooling and cold pressing of rotating shaft and cooling and cold pressing of rotating shaft and rotor at the same time.In order to ensure the feasibility of the scheme,two kinds of rotor press fitting tools were designed,and the temperature and parameter models related to the permanent magnet press fitting quantity were established to calculate the actual press fitting quantity.The tooling and mathematical model had been used in practical work for more than six months,which proved the feasibility of the tooling and model.After the press fitting was completed,the measured permanent magnet rotor magnetism had no loss,solved the problem that the permanent magnet was easy to break and demagnetize in the press fitting process,and effectively improved the press fitting efficiency and press fitting success rate of permanent magnet synchronous motor rotor.