铁盐辅助生物除磷工艺研究进展

A review of ferric salt dependent phosphorus removal in wastewater

磷作为生命有机体中必不可少的元素,在生命活动中起着至关重要的作用。近年来,随着污水厂排放标准日趋严格,铁盐作为化学除磷药剂被广泛应用于污水处理厂中。尽管目前已对化学辅助生物除磷和侧流磷回收等创新改进工艺开展了大量的研究,但由于污水体系的多样性和复杂性,污水厂的除磷效率及磷资源回收仍面临诸多挑战。综述铁盐辅助生物除磷工艺运行的基本特征,梳理污水处理过程中铁与磷的相互作用机制,总结两种工艺中铁盐对微生物群落结构的影响及归趋,并对今后工艺的研究方向进行展望。研究发现,继续系统开展微生物与不同磷矿物共生关系的研究,优化侧流磷回收下游产物的分离纯化条件,并建立合理预测和反馈污水处理系统中铁、磷浓度的动态模型是提高污水处理厂资源回收效率、促进可持续发展的必然举措。

Phosphorus,as an essential element in life organism,plays an important role in life activities.Recently,with the increasingly stringent discharge standards of wastewater treatment plants(WWTPs),ferric salts have been widely used in WWTPs as chemical agents for phosphorus removal.Although a large number of studies have been carried out,dueto the diversity and complexity of the sewage system,the efficiency of chemical-assisted biological phosphorus removal and side-stream phosphorus recovery is still facing many challenges.Therefore,this article reviews the basic characteristics of the ferric salt dependent phosphorus removal process,sorts out the interaction mechanism between ferric salt and phosphorus.The influence and trend of iron salt on microbial community structure in the two processes are summarized,and the research direction of the process in the future is prospected.It is found that continuing to systematically study the symbiotic relationship between microorganisms and different phosphorus minerals,optimizing the separation and purification conditions of downstream products of side stream phosphorus recovery,and establishing a dynamic model to reasonably predict and feed back the concentration of iron and phosphorus in the sewage treatment system are inevitable measures to improve the resource recovery efficiency of the sewage treatment plant and promote sustainable development.