农村居家失能老年人健康管理需求评估问卷的编制及信效度检验

Development and psychometric properties of the health needs assessment for rural home-dwelling disabled elderly

目的编制农村居家失能老年人健康管理需求评估问卷,并检验其信效度。方法以奥马哈问题分类系统为理论框架,综合文献回顾形成问卷条目池,对18名专家进行2轮Delphi专家函询形成预试问卷。对河南省213名农村居家失能老年人进行调查,检验问卷的信效度。结果探索性因子分析共提取6个公因子29个条目,包括健康档案、身体评估、心理健康、医疗环境、健康知识、智慧养老,累积方差贡献率为72.992%;条目内容效度指数为0.889~1.000,平均内容效度为0.975。问卷Cronbach′sα系数为0.897,折半信度为0.876,重测信度为0.902。结论农村居家失能老年人健康管理需求评估问卷具有良好的信度及效度,可作为评价农村居家失能老年人健康管理需求的有效工具。

Objective To develop a scale to measure health management needs of home-dwelling disabled elderly in rural areas, and to test its reliability and validity.Methods Based on the Problem Classification Scheme of the Omaha System, item pool of the scale was formed after literature review, then 18 experts were invited to participate in a two-round Delphi consultation. At last, 213 home-dwelling disabled older adults in rural areas of Henan Province were investigated to test the reliability and validity of the scale.Results Six factors with 29 items were extracted by exploratory factor analysis, including health records, physical assessment, mental health, medical environment, health knowledge and smart technology for elder-care, with a cumulative percentage of explained variance of 72.992%. The item-level content validity index(CVI) was between 0.889 and 1.000, and the scale-level CVI was 0.975. The Cronbach′s α coefficient was 0.897, the split-half reliability was 0.876, and the test-retest reliability was 0.902.Conclusion The health needs assessment for rural home-dwelling disabled elderly has good reliability and validity, which can be used as an effective tool to evaluate health management needs of home-dwelling disabled older people in rural areas.