摘要
友善是儿童必备的道德品格,对儿童的幸福生活和社会的安定和谐具有重要作用。通过对友善的词源、对象及其当代意义的分析,我们认为幼儿友善是出于内心的善意而表现出的与人、与自然亲近友好的态度及其行动。基于道德心理结构,幼儿友善包含认知、情感、意志和行动四个心理成分。依据友善的行为过程,四个心理成分可被整合为认知、情境和行动三个要素。幼儿友善在对象延展机制上表现为以自爱为起点,以友爱为核心,以友善为扩展。幼儿时期的价值观学习在个体终身价值观发展中的奠基作用、幼儿先天的道德本能以及幼儿社会交往的现实需要决定了幼儿阶段培育和践行社会主义友善核心价值观的重要意义。幼儿友善价值观教育应在对话教育中增强友善认知,在关系体验中激发友善情感,在问题情境中磨砺友善意志,在一日生活中践行友善行为。
Friendliness is a necessary moral character for children,which plays an important role in children’s happy life and social stability and harmony.Through the analysis of the etymology,object and contemporary meaning of friendliness,we propose that children’s friendliness is the attitude and action of being close to people and nature out of inner goodwill.Based on the moral psychological structure,children’s friendliness includes four psychological components:cognition,emotion,will and action.According to the friendly behavior process,the four psychological components can be integrated into three elements:cognition,situation and action.In the object extension mechanism,children's friendliness takes self-love as the starting point,friendship as the core and friendliness as the expansion.The foundational role of value learning in the early childhood in the development of individual lifelong values,the innate moral instincts of children,and the actual needs of children’s social interaction,determine the importance of cultivating and practicing the friendliness core values of socialism in the early childhood.According to children’s moral psychological structure and children’s moral learning characteristics,this paper suggests that children’s friendship core values education should strengthen friendly cognition in dialogue education,stimulate friendly emotion in relationship experience,sharpen friendly will in problem situation,and practice friendly behavior in daily life.
作者
李园园
鄢超云
LI Yuan-yuan;YAN Chao-yun(School of Education Science,Sichuan Normal University,Chengdu 610016,China;College of Education,Ankang University,Ankang 725000,China)
出处
《陕西学前师范学院学报》
2022年第1期19-25,40,共8页
Journal of Shaanxi Xueqian Normal University
基金
四川省教育厅2020年度教育科研重大课题(SCJG20A005-3)。
关键词
社会主义核心价值观
友善
幼儿
socialism core values
friendship
young children