浅析刺络放血治疗小儿外感发热机制

Mechanism of collateral-pricking and blood-letting therapy for children with exogenous fever

刺络放血作为传统中医诊疗技术,具有较好的退热疗效。通过查阅相关文献并进行理论分析,认为刺络放血疗法退热的机制为:以气机左升右降为依据,选取左侧穴位刺络放血可顺势引邪外出以退热;根据汗血同源理论,刺络放血可开宣腠理,使邪热随汗、血而出;因少火生气,火郁发之,选取耳尖穴、井穴(少商穴、商阳穴)刺络放血可宣泄外邪退热;少商穴、商阳穴所属经络互为表里,于两穴处刺络放血不仅可以清热解毒利咽,还可清宣肺热、承顺腑气,同奏退热之功。刺络放血疗法理论依据充足,可在临床积极推广应用,促进儿科外治法的发展。

As a traditional Chinese medicine diagnosis and treatment technology,collateral-pricking and blood-letting therapy has better efficacy on abating fever.By consulting the relevant literature and conducting theoretical analysis,it holds that the mechanism of collateral-pricking and blood-letting therapy for fever is as follows:Based on left ascending and right descending of qi activity,the acupoints on the left side were selected and performed collateral-pricking and blood-letting therapy to lead the pathogenic factors out of with the flow,whereby abating fever;According to the theory of sweat and blood sharing the same origin,collateral-pricking and blood-letting therapy can open and disperse the interstitial space,whereby pathogenic heat dissipating out following with sweat and blood;Fire-stagnation should be dissipated due to normal fire promoting qi production,so Erjian(EX-HN6)and Jing[Shaoshang(LU 11)and Shangyang(LI 11)]are selected to perform collateral-pricking and blood-letting therapy,whereby dissipating and purging the pathogenic factors to abate fever;The meridians and collaterals to which Shaoshang(LU 11)and Shangyang(LI 11)pertain are exterior-interior interlinked,thereby performing collateral-pricking and blood-letting therapy at the two acupoints,which can not only clear away heat,detoxify and relieve sore-throat,but also clear away and disperse pulmonary heat as well as carry and smooth fu-organ qi,simultaneously playing the function of abating fever.Collateral-pricking and blood-letting therapy has a sufficient theoretical basis,which can be actively promoted in clinical application aiming at promoting the development of pediatric external treatment.