JEZ02型融雪式雨量计在平凉市泾渭河流域的适用性研究

Applicability of JEZ02 Snowmelt Rain Gauge in Jingwei River Basin in Pingliang City

以平凉市泾渭河流域典型黄土高原地区为例,对研究区域内的45处JEZ02型融雪式雨量计降水量数据进行分析,对其适用性进行研究。在对区域内雨量站点数据分类收集的基础上,利用水文资料整编系统HDP5.0、甘肃省水文测验系统等软件进行整编,通过水文统计学方法比测分析,结果表明:①JEZ02型融雪式降水量数据受限于提取方式与数据格式的差异,需要后期通过计算机技术进行检查校正与精简摘录;②当因季节性产生固态降水时,JEZ02型融雪式雨量计降水量观测值存在滞后性,降雪强度范围在5.0~20.0 mm/h时,降水量峰值延后5~15 min;③JEZ02型融雪式雨量计降水量数据与人工观测数据相关性较高,能够反映出流域降水时空分布与短历时雨强特征,同时满足中小河流山洪监测预警精度要求;④部分降水量站点由于维护等原因存在年降水量值异常,应在每年汛前、汛后对JEZ02型融雪式雨量计进行两次维护,确保其正常运行。

Taking the typical loess plateau area of Jingwei River Basin in Pingliang city as an example,the precipitation data of 45 JEZ02 snow melting rain gauges in the study area are analyzed and their applicability is studied.Based on the classified collection of rainfall station data in the region,the hydrological data integration system HDP5.0 and Gansu hydrological survey system are used for integration.Through the comparative measurement and analysis of hydrological statistics methods,the results show that:(1)JEZ02 snowmelt precipitation data is limited by the difference of extraction method and data format.It is necessary to check,correct and simplify excerpts through computer technology in the later stage;(2)When solid precipitation occurs due to seasonality,the precipitation observation value of JEZ02 snowmelt rain gauge lags behind.When the snowfall intensity range is 5.0~20.0mm/h,the peak precipitation is delayed by 5~15min;(3)The precipitation data of JEZ02 snowmelt rain gauge is highly correlated with the manual observation data,which can reflect the temporal and spatial distribution of precipitation and the characteristics of short-term rainfall intensity in the basin,and meet the requirements of mountain flood monitoring and early warning accuracy of small and medium-sized rivers;(4)Some precipitation stations have abnormal annual precipitation values due to maintenance and other reasons.JEZ02 snow melting rain gauge shall be maintained twice a year before and after flood season to ensure its normal operation.