秸秆全量还田下施用过氧化钙对南方双季稻产量和稻田温室气体排放的影响

Effects of Calcium Peroxide Application on Yield and Greenhouse Gas Emissions under Full-Rate Straw Returning in a Double Rice-Cropping System

为探明秸秆全量还田条件下施用过氧化钙(CaO_(2))对南方双季水稻产量和稻田温室气体排放的影响,设置不施CaO_(2)(CK)和早稻旋耕前一次性施用CaO_(2)2个处理,采用静态暗箱-气相色谱法监测稻田温室气体排放,以明确秸秆全量还田下施用CaO_(2)对双季稻产量、稻田温室气体排放、综合温室效应(GWP)和温室气体排放强度(GHGI)的影响。结果表明,与CK相比,施用CaO_(2)显著增加了2018和2019年晚稻产量,增幅分别为3.44%和2.65%,但对早稻产量无显著影响。施用CaO_(2)显著降低了早稻季CH_(4)累积排放量、GWP和GHGI,降幅分别为14.73%、14.74%和15.09%,但是对N_(2)O累积排放量无显著影响。施用CaO_(2)对晚稻季CH_(4)和N_(2)O排放均无显著影响。与CK相比,施用CaO_(2)显著增加了2018和2019年的周年产量,增幅分别为1.93%和2.58%;但对CH_(4)和N_(2)O累积排放量、GWP及GHGI均无显著影响。因此,施用CaO_(2)有助于协同实现双季稻增产和稻田温室气体减排。

In order to explore the effects of applying calcium peroxide(CaO_(2))on rice yield and greenhouse gas emissions in southern double-cropping rice under the condition of returning full straw to the field,this experiment set no CaO_(2)(CK)and a one-time application of CaO_(2) before rotary tillage of early rice.In this process,static dark box-gas chromatography was used to monitor greenhouse gas emissions from rice fields to determine the effects of CaO_(2) on double-cropping rice yield,greenhouse gas emissions,comprehensive greenhouse effect(GWP)and greenhouse gas emission intensity(GHGI).The results showed that compared with CK,the application of CaO_(2)significantly increased the yield of late rice in 2018 and 2019 by 3.44%and 2.65%,respectively,but had no significant effect on the yield of early rice.The application of CaO_(2) significantly reduced the cumulative emission of CH_(4),GWP and GHGI in the early rice season by 14.73%,14.74%and 15.09%,respectively,but had no significant effect on the cumulative emission of N_(2)O.The application of CaO_(2) had no significant effect on CH_(4) and N_(2)O emissions in late rice season.Compared with CK,the application of CaO_(2) significantly increased the annual yield in 2018 and 2019 by 1.93%and 2.58%respectively;however,there was no significant effect on the annual cumulative emissions of CH_(4) and N_(2)O,GWP and GHGI.Therefore,the application of CaO_(2) could help to achieve a synergistic increase in double-cropping rice yield and greenhouse gas emission reduction in rice fields.