海藻肥与微生物菌剂部分替代化肥对水稻产量及其构成因素的影响

Effects of Partial Substitution of Seaweed Fertilizers and Microbial Inoculant for Chemical Fertilizer on Rice Yield and Its Components

为明确在化肥施用量减少条件下,海藻肥与微生物菌剂部分替代对水稻产量及其构成因素的影响。于2019年在广西龙州、象州和岑溪进行水稻多点联合大田试验,设置常规施肥量(P1)、常规施肥量减10%+海藻肥与微生物菌剂部分替代(P2)、常规施肥量减20%+海藻肥与微生物菌剂部分替代(P3)和常规施肥量减30%+海藻肥与微生物菌剂部分替代(P4)4个处理,成熟期测定水稻干物质积累量、产量及其构成因素。结果表明,3个试验点的平均干物质积累量P2处理比P1处理提高6.06%,P3和P4处理分别比P1处理下降3.44%和3.75%;平均产量P2处理比P1处理提高0.45%,P3和P4处理与P1处理相比平均下降5.40%和4.08%。由此可知,海藻肥和微生物菌剂可以替代10%~30%的化肥,替代比例与土壤肥力水平有关,不同地点替代比例略有差异,象州适宜替代比例为10%,龙州和岑溪最优替代比例为30%。

To determine the effects of partial substitution of different new fertilizers for chemical fertilizer on rice yield and its components under the condition of chemical fertilizer reduction.In 2019,a multipoint field experiment was conducted in Longzhou,Xiangzhou,and Cenxi in Guangxi.Four treatments of conventional fertilization(P1),10%reduction in conventional fertilization+partial substitution of seaweed fertilizers and microbial inoculant(P2),20%reduction in conventional fertilization+partial substitution of seaweed fertilizers and microbial inoculant(P3),30%reduction in conventional fertilization+partial substitution of seaweed fertilizers and microbial inoculant(P4)were set.Dry matter accumulation amount,yield,and its components of rice were measured at maturity stage.The results showed that the average dry matter accumulation amount of three experiment sites,P2 treatment was 6.06%higher than that of P1 treatment,and P3 and P4 treatments were 3.44%and 3.75%lower than that of P1 treatment,respectively.The average yield of three experiment sites,P2 treatment increased by 0.45%compared with P1 treatment,and the average yield of P3 and P4 treatments decreased by 5.40%and 4.08%compared with P1 treatment.It was found that seaweed fertilizer and microbial inoculant could replace 10%-30%chemical fertilizer,the proportion of substitution was related to the soil fertility,and the replacement ratio in different places was slightly different,the suitable replacement ratio of Xiangzhou was 10%,and that of Longzhou and Cenxi were 30%.