论青年马克思的感性概念

On Young Marx’s Concept of Sensibility

从感性存在与对象性活动、感性意识与感性需要、感性异化与感性解放这三个方面出发,青年马克思阐释了感性概念的基本规定。感性存在不只是一种对象性存在和自然存在,更是一种对象性活动和社会历史存在。感性意识不是一种"纯粹意识"和"抽象的类意识",而是"对象性本质力量的主体性";感性需要不只是一种自然需要和生物需要,更是一种社会需要和使"‘人作为人’的需要成为需要"。感性异化不是一种"纯粹的即抽象的哲学思维"的异化,而是一种对感性的人的生存样态的真实表征;感性解放不是一种"思想上的共产主义",而是一种"现实的共产主义行动"。通过对感性概念的重新审思,青年马克思阐明了实践范畴的理论特质和现实指向,实现了哲学思想的重要转变。

Young Marx explained the basic provisions of the concept of sensibility from the following aspects:sensible being and objective activity,sensible consciousness and sensible need,sensible alienation and sensible liberation.The sensible being is not only a kind of objective being and natural being,but also a kind of objective activity and social historical being.The sensible consciousness is not a kind of“pure consciousness”and“abstract consciousness of mankind”,but“the subjectivity of the essential power of objectivity”.The sensible need is not only a natural need and biological need,but also a social need and makes“the need of‘human being as human being’become a need”.The sensible alienation is not a kind of“pure and abstract philosophical thinking”alienation,but a real representation of sensible of people’s living condition.The sensible liberation is not a kind of“ideological communism”,but a kind of“practical communist action”.Through re-thinking the concept of sensibility,young Marx clarified the theoretical characteristics and realistic orientation of practical category,and realized the transformation of philosophical thought.