面向灾害救援的液氮破碎锤性能优化

Optimization of Rescue Performance of Nitrogen Explosion Type Hydraulic Breaker

破碎锤设计初衷是作为一种破拆设备,应用于道路、矿山及废墟等环境,因其优异的破拆性能在救援中发挥了一定作用。且相对于其他专业救援属具,设计成本较低。但由于其安全性无法保障,存在救援性能不足的问题。为此,利用多功能救援属具的综合性能评价体系对一种液氮破碎锤进行评价,确定冲击能与冲击频率作为救援性能指标;利用键合图方式建立液压破碎锤仿真模型,并验证其准确性;利用仿真模型分析破碎锤各参数对救援性能的影响,确定氮气室预充压力、活塞换向冲程、冲击活塞的质量和上下作用面积之差为关键因素;综合利用均匀设计-神经网络-遗传算法完成救援性能优化。结果表明,改进后的破碎锤相较于改进前的救援性能评价有所提高。对其他现有土方机械转换为救援设备的系统具有参考意义。

The original intention of hydraulic breaker design is to be used as a demolition equipment in roads,mines and ruins.Because of its excellent demolition performance,it played a certain role in rescue.And compared with other professional rescue equipment,the design cost is lower.However,because its safety cannot be guaranteed,there is a problem of in sufficient rescue performance.Therefore,the comprehensive performance evaluation system of large multi-functional rescue attachments is used to evaluate a nitrogen explosion type hydraulic breaker,and the impact energy and frequency are determined as the rescue performance indicators.Establish a simulation model of hydraulic breaker using power bond graph method and verify its accuracy.The key factors are determined by analyzing the impact of various parameters of the hydraulic breaker on the rescue performance;Comprehensive utilization of uniform design-neural network-genetic algorithm to optimize the rescue performance.The results show that the rescue performance evaluation of the optimized hydraulic breaker is improved.It has reference significance for the conversion of other existing earth-moving machinery into rescue equipment.