基于离散元-有限元耦合法的煤炭漏斗车装卸过程中隔板受力研究

Study on the Force of Partition in the Loading and Unloading Process of Coal Hopper Car based on the Coupling of DEM-FEM

在煤炭漏斗车标准和设计技术条件中均未规定隔板强度,漏斗车车体设计静强度计算中,未施加相应载荷进行设计验证。同时,某型号煤炭漏斗车在应用中出现隔板裂纹。为此,基于离散元-有限元(DEM-FEM)结合的方法,模拟煤炭漏斗车装卸煤炭过程,分析煤炭漏斗车车体隔板受力和强度仿真计算结果,并与煤炭漏斗车车体隔板现场测试强度结果进行对比。结果表明:装载煤炭过程中,隔板所受最大载荷大约为稳定时载荷的1.8倍;卸载煤炭过程受不同底门开启的影响,隔板所受载荷瞬间突增80%~112.6%。装卸过程中隔板所受作用力与高度之间呈非线性分布,仿真计算结果与现场测试数据基本吻合。这为设计煤炭漏斗车车体隔板时提供参考。

The partition strength is not specified in the standard specifications and design technical conditions of coal hopper car.No corresponding load is applied for design verification in the calculation of design static strength of hopper car body.At the same time,the clapboard crack appeared in the application of a certain type of coal hopper car.Therefore,based on the combination of discrete element and finite element model(DEM-FEM),the coal loading and unloading process of coal hopper car is simulated,the stress and strength simulation calculation results of coal hopper car body diaphragm are analyzed,and compared with the field test strength results of coal hopper car body diaphragm.The results show that the maximum load on the diaphragm in the process of loading coal is about 1.8 times of the steady load.In the process of unloading coal,affected by the opening of different bottom doors,the load on the diaphragm suddenly increases by 80%~112.6%.There is a nonlinear distribution between the force and height of the diaphragm during loading and unloading,and the simulation results are basically consistent with the field test data.This provides references for the design of car body diaphragm of coal hopper car.