北方地区用水结构演变特征及驱动因子分析

Analysis of the Characteristics and Driving Factors of the Evolution of Water Use Structure in Northern China

优化用水结构是区域水资源管理的重要课题。本文基于信息熵理论,引入均衡度以表征北方地区用水结构特征,采用灰色关联度和Pearson相关分析法探究其驱动因子。结果表明:北方地区农业是用水大户,工业和生活用水量较接近,生态用水占比最少但增速较快;2003—2019年,北方地区用水结构朝均衡方向发展,但东北地区用水结构逐渐单一;北方地区社会经济影响着用水结构,西北、东北、华北片区用水结构特征演变的主要驱动因子不同。

Optimizing the structure of water use is an important issue for regional water resources management.Based on the theory of information entropy,this paper introduces the equilibrium degree to characterize the features of the water structure in the north,and uses the gray correlation degree and Pearson correlation analysis method to explore its driving factors.The results show that:northern agriculture is a major water user,industrial and domestic water con⁃sumption is close,while ecological water accounted for the least proportion but the growth rate is faster.The water structure in the north developed in a balanced direction from 2003 to 2019,but the water structure in the northeast was going gradually single.Northern socio-economy affects the structure of water use,but the main driving factors for the evolution of the characteristics of the water use structure in the Northwest,Northeast and North China regions are different.