全工序法弧齿锥齿轮加工参数计算方法

Method for calculating machining parameters of spiral bevel and hypoid gears generated by completing method

分析弧齿锥齿轮刀盘的结构特征与切齿运动特点,提出三个参考点的设置方法。以大轮采用展成法,小轮采用螺旋展成法加工的弧齿锥齿轮副为研究对象,提出了全工序法大轮加工参数的简化计算方法。总结螺旋锥齿轮的一般啮合规律,结合参考点设置方法,利用Free-Form型机床的柔性运动控制特征,建立了小轮的切齿控制优化模型,获得一组最优化的加工参数。以此计算方法开发了设计软件,基于国产全数控锥齿轮加工装备,以一对准双曲面齿轮为算例进行了网络化闭环制造,试验结果显示:齿轮副传动误差幅值达13.2″,两齿面接触区均位于齿面中部、呈内对角,验证了方法的正确性,有效解决了全工序法加工弧齿锥齿轮时双面接触特征同步调整困难的行业难题。

The setting method of three reference points was proposed by analyzing the structure and cutting motion of the spiral bevel and hypoid gear cutter head.Taking the spiral bevel and hypoid gears with the gear using the generating method and the pinion using the duplex helical method as the research object,a simplified calculation method of the processing parameters for the gear of completing method was proposed.The general meshing rule of spiral bevel and hypoid gears was summarized,an optimization model for the gear cutting control of the pinion was established by combining with the reference points setting method and using the flexible motion control characteristics of the Free-Form machine tool,and a set of optimal machining parameters were obtained.A design software was developed based on the above calculation method,and then based on the domestically-made computer numerical control bevel gear processing equipment,a networked closed-loop manufacturing was carried out with a pair of hypoid gears as an exam-ple.The test results showed that the transmission error amplitude was 13.2″,the contact area of the two tooth surfaces was located in the middle of the tooth surface at an inner opposite angle,which verified the correctness of this method,and effectively solved the industry problem of difficulty in synchronous adjustment of the double-sided contact characteristics when the spiral bevel and hypoid gear was processed by the completing method.