2016-2020年新疆维吾尔自治区人间布鲁氏菌病流行特征分析

Epidemiological characteristics of brucellosis in Xinjiang,2016-2020

目的分析新疆维吾尔自治区(新疆)人间布鲁氏菌病(布病)流行特征和现状,为今后制定防控策略提供参考依据。方法对2016—2020年新疆报告的布病病例流行病学特征采用描述性方法进行分析。结果2016—2020年,新疆14个地(州、市)共报告布病病例23045例,平均发病率为91.33/10万。病例主要分布在伊犁哈萨克自治州、昌吉回族自治州、塔城地区和阿克苏地区,占总病例数的59.12%(13625/23045)。报告病例数呈逐年下降趋势,发病率由2016年的31.14/10万降低到2020年的10.19/10万。布病发病高峰在每年的5—8月,各年龄组均有病例报告,年龄最小1月龄,最大94岁,平均41岁,以30~50岁组报告病例数最多(占66.70%)。男性16347例,女性6698例,男女性别比为2.44∶1。职业以农牧民占比最高,为68.90%。结论新疆布病报告病例数和发病率整体呈逐年下降趋势,但报告病例分布范围较广,建议加强多部门联防联控,落实相关防控措施。

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of human brucellosis in Xinjiang,and provide scientific basis for the development of the prevention and control strategies of human brucellosis in the future.Methods The epidemiological characteristics of brucellosis cases reported in Xinjiang from 2016 to 2020 were analyzed by using descriptive methods.Results From 2016 to 2010,a total of 23045 brucellosis cases were reported in 14 prefectures in Xinjiang,mainly distributed in Yili,Changji,Tcheng and Aksu,accounting for 59.12%(13625 cases)of the total cases.The number of reported cases showed a decreasing trend year by year,and the incidence rate decreased from 31.14/100000 in 2016 to 10.19/100000 in2020.The annual incidence peak of brucellosis was during May-August,and cases were reported in all age groups,the youngest one was 1 month,the oldest one was 94 years old,the average age of the cases was 41 years,and the most cases were aged 30-50 years(66.70%).In the reported cases,there were 16347 males and 6698 females with a gender ratio of 2.44∶1.The cases in farmers and herdsmen accounted for 68.90%.Conclusion The reported case number and incidence rate of brucellosis in Xinjiang decreased year by year,but the reported cases were widely distributed.It is suggested to strengthen the joint prevention and control of multiple departments and fully implement relevant prevention and control measures.