考虑需求扰动的港口物流服务供应链协调策略

Coordination strategy of port logistics service supply chain considering demand disruption

为更有效地管理与协调供应链,研究需求扰动频繁发生对港口物流服务供应链中各类协调模式和利益主体产生的不同影响,运用两阶段博弈方法,构建了考虑需求扰动下由港口和海运承运人组成的港口物流服务供应链模型,研究需求扰动对不同协调模式下海运各主体的决策影响.研究结果表明:需求扰动分配比例仅对分散决策模式下承运人的服务质量和价格决策产生影响;当服务质量成本系数较大时,集中决策模式在承运人价格波动上具有更高的鲁棒性,当服务质量成本系数较小时,承运人联盟决策模式能更好地降低需求扰动对承运人价格的影响.最后,通过数值分析探讨了需求扰动量和需求扰动分配比例对不同模式下港口物流服务供应链成员的决策影响.

In order to manage and coordinate the supply chain more effectively,the different effects of frequent demand disturbances on various coordination modes and stakeholders in the port logistics service supply chain were studied,a port logistics service supply chain model composed of ports and maritime carriers considering demand disturbances was constructed by using the two-stage game method,and the influence of demand disturbance on the decision-making of shipping agents under different coordination modes was studied.The results show that the distribution proportion of demand disturbance only affects the carrier’s service quality and price decision under the decentralized decision-making mode.When the service quality cost coefficient is large,the centralized decision-making model has higher robustness to the carrier price fluctuation,and when the service quality cost coefficient is small,the carrier alliance decision-making model can better reduce the impact of demand disturbance on the carrier price.Finally,through numerical analysis,this paper discussed the influence of demand disturbance and demand disturbance distribution proportion on the decision-making of port logistics service supply chain members under different modes.