信与否?服务外包中街头官僚的信任产生机制研究——基于Z市的混合研究设计分析

To Trust or Not to Trust?Research on the Trust Generation Mechanism of Street-Level Bureaucrats in Service Outsourcing——Evidence from Z City with Mixed-method

随着社会治理资源下沉,街头官僚成为服务外包事实意义上的管理者与评估方,其对承包方的信任对政社合作治理至关重要。以信任的理性选择论为理论依据,以委托人自身对风险控制与绩效追求的两种动机作为出发点,本文旨在探讨社会组织可识别的两类组织特征如何影响街头官僚的信任生产。以Z市社区治理工程作为研究对象,采取混合研究设计,实证分析发现:(1)在政社合作治理过程中,街头官僚态度的影响机制既要从授信者的动机出发,又要结合受信者的特征;(2)对街头官僚而言,服务外包既要满足其“行政借道社会”之所需,也看重社会组织在提升公共服务绩效中的作用;(3)街头官僚的信任受到社会组织是否能够成为行政任务帮手的影响,而非政策倡导风险;(4)社会组织声誉失信也从侧面反映商业化趋势对社会组织的消极影响。

Due to the decentralization of social governance resources,street-level bureaucrats have become the de facto managers and assessors during the process of outsourcing.As such their trust in vendors is crucial to the collaborative governance.Taking the rational choice theory of trust as the theoretical basis and the principal’s own motivations for risk control and performance pursuit as the starting point,this article aims to explore how the two types of identifiable organizational characteristics of social organizations affect the trust of streetlevel bureaucrats.Taking the Community Governance Project in Z city as our research field with a mixedmethod research design,we found that:(1)The study of street-level bureaucratic attitudes should be based on the motivation of the trustor and the trustee;(2)As for street-level bureaucrats,outsourcing must not only meet the needs of“administrative access to society”,but also be able to improve the performance of public services;(3)street-level bureaucrats’trust is impacted by whether a social organization can become a helper in administrative tasks rather than the risk caused by policy advocacy activities;(4)The reputational failure of social organizations also reflects the negative impact of commercialization trends on social organizations.