纤维改性方法对植物纤维复合材料的高性能化研究进展

Research progress on high performance of natural fiber reinforced plastic based on fiber modification method

与合成纤维增强复合材料相比,植物纤维复合材料具有价格低、可再生、可生物降解等优点,但其力学性能相对较低,限制了植物纤维复合材料被广泛应用的范围。综述了近年来国内外通过植物纤维表面预处理方法来改善复合材料机械性能的研究进展,重点介绍了物理、化学、生物以及组合法处理等改性方法,进而改善了植物纤维的反应活性、提高其与聚合物基体材料的界面兼容性及复合材料的综合功能作用。并总结了改性天然植物纤维对复合材料性能的影响及研发进展,展望了植物纤维高性能化的绿色发展方向,以期为今后植物纤维增强复合材料的发展提供思路和参考。

Nature fiber reinforced plastic(NFRP)has the advantages of lower price,renewability and biodegradation compared with synthetic fiber reinforced plastic,while the relatively lower mechanical properties restrict the application field of NFRP.The research progress of improving the mechanical properties of composite materials by surface treatment of nature fiber in recent years was reviewed.The modification methods such as physical,chemical,biological and combination treatment were mainly introduced,which can improve the reaction activity of nature fiber,the interface compatibility between fiber and matrix,and the comprehensive performance of composite materials.Then the influence of the modified nature fiber on the composite properties and its research progress were summarized.Finally,the green development direction of nature fiber with high performance was prospected,and the ideas and references for the future research of nature fiber reinforced composite materials were provided.