聚丙烯腈及其复合纳米纤维膜制备与性能研究

Preparation and property of PAN and its composite nanofiber membrane

首先探讨了静电纺丝聚丙烯腈(PAN)纳米纤维膜的最佳纺丝工艺条件,随后利用多巴胺(DA)对多壁碳纳米管(MWCNTs)进行改性(PDA-MWCNTs)。并以最佳静电纺丝条件下制备的PAN纳米纤维膜为基体,通过超声吸附-浸渍的方法制备出PDA-MWCNTs@PAN纳米纤维复合材料。考察了纺丝电压和纺丝距离对PAN纳米纤维膜形貌的影响,着重探讨了PDA-MWCNTs@PAN纳米纤维复合材料的形貌、热稳定性及吸附性能。研究结果表明,纺丝距离和纺丝电压分别为15cm和18kV为最佳工艺条件;在MWCNTs表面包覆一层PDA(PDA-MWCNTs),并且PDA-MWCNTs能够较好地吸附于PAN纳米纤维膜表面;PDA-MWCNTs@PAN复合纳米纤维膜的质量损失速率较纯PAN膜变慢;PDA-MWCNTs@PAN复合纳米纤维膜的吸附性能随着MWCNTs含量的增加而增大。

Firstly,polyacrylonitrile(PAN)nanofiber membrane was obtained by electrospun method,and discussed its optimal conditions of electrospinning process.Then multiwalled carbon nanotubes(MWCNTs)were modified by DA,and obtained PDA-MWCNTs modified composite.PDA-MWCNTs@PAN composite nanofiber was prepared via ultrasonic adsorption-dipping method.The effects of electrospinning voltage and distance on the morphology of the nanofiber were investigated.The morphology,thermal stability and adsorption properties of PDA-MWCNTs@PAN were mainly discussed.The results shown that in this experiment,electrospinning voltage and distance were respectively 15 cm and 18 kV,which were the optimal electrospinning process conditions.A PDA coating was coated on the surface of MWCNTs,and PDA-MWCNTs could be well adsorbed on the surface of PAN nanofiber membrane.Compared with PAN nanofiber film,the mass loss rate of PDA-MWCNTs@PAN was relatively slower.The adsorption property of PDA-MWCNTs@PAN increased with increasing MWCNTs content.