S型水轮机水动力性能研究

Study on Hydrodynamic Performance of Savonius Turbine

为了提高S型(Savonius)水轮机的水动力性能,应用Fluent软件构造其直叶片型和螺旋型三维模型,分别分析在不同扭角、不同叶尖速比和不同流速三种情况下的力矩特性及其捕能效率。仿真结果表明,传统直叶片S型水轮机旋转时存在负转矩区,而螺旋型S水轮机叶片形状会使水流产生竖直方向分量减小旋转产生的负转矩,提高水轮机的启动效率,当扭角为30°时,水轮机启动转矩达到最大,且随着叶尖速比增加,水轮机的功率系数先增加后减小,适用于叶尖速比较低的工况。当水流流速从0.5 m/s增加到2.0 m/s时,最大功率系数随着流速的增大而增大,提高了水轮机最大能量捕获系数。

In order to improve the hydrodynamic performance of the Savonius turbine,Fluent software was used to establish three-dimensional model of hydraulic turbine with straight blade and spiral blade to respectively analyze the torque characteristics and capacity performance in three cases of different torsion angle,tip speed ratio,and different velocity.The simulation results show that there is a negative torque area in the rotation of the traditional S-type turbine with straight blades,while the blade shape of the spiral S-type turbine will make the vertical component of the water flow reduce the negative torque generated by rotation,and improve the starting efficiency of the turbine.When the twist angle is 30°,the starting torque of the turbine reaches the maximum,and the power coefficient of the turbine increases first and then decreases with the increase of the tip speed ratio,which is suitable for the condition of low tip speed.When the flow velocity increases from 0.5 m/s to 2.0 m/s,the maximum power coefficient increases with the flow velocity,and the maximum energy capture coefficient improves.