水轮机模式液力透平新型空间导叶的优化

Optimization of New Space Guide Vane for T-type Hydraulic Turbine

多级水轮机模式液力透平级间导叶损失占总损失的30%~40%,为提高透平水力性能,以新型空间级间导叶为例,按水力原动机理论设计新型空间导叶作为一个两级水轮机模式液力透平的级间导叶。采用正交试验法,选取新型空间导叶隔板厚度、外缘直径、正导叶出口角和导叶数四个因素制定了L9(3;)正交方案,应用CFD对9种方案进行数值计算,找出了影响液力透平水力特性的主要因素及规律,并获得性能较优的导叶模型。结果显示,影响水轮机模式液力透平效率外特性的主次顺序为导叶外缘直径>隔板厚度>导叶数>正导叶出口角;对可利用水头外特性影响主次顺序为导叶外缘直径>导叶数>隔板厚度>正导叶出口角;以效率为优化目标时,最优组合的效率达到75.91%,比效率最高的方案提高了2.9%。以可利用水头为优化目标时,最优组合的可利用水头达到495.83 m,比水头最高的方案提高了4.36 m。

In order to improve the hydraulic performance of the turbine,a new type of space guide vane is designed according to the theory of hydraulic prime mover.The L9(3,4)positive guide vane is designed according to the theory of hydraulic prime mover Hand in the test.The main factors and rules affecting the hydraulic characteristics of hydraulic turbine are found out by numerical calculation of nine schemes with CFD,and the guide vane model with better performance is obtained.The results show that the primary and secondary order of influencing the external characteristics of hydraulic turbine efficiency is:guide vane outer edge diameter>diaphragm thickness>guide vane number>positive guide vane outlet angle;The primary and secondary order of influence on external characteristics of available water head is:guide vane outer edge diameter>guide vane number>diaphragm thickness>positive guide vane outlet angle;Taking efficiency as the optimization objective,the efficiency of the optimal combination reaches 75.91%,and the specific efficiency is 75.91%.The highest scheme increased by 2.9%.When the available water head is taken as the optimization objective,the available head of the optimal combination reaches 495.83 m,which is 4.36 m higher than that of the scheme with the highest head.