纳米粒子技术应用于HIV诊治的新进展

Recent developments of nanoparticles Technology in the diagnosis and treatment of HIV

随着ART的广泛应用,艾滋病已经成为一种慢性病。然而,现仍未研制出有效的预防性疫苗、检测也存在较长窗口期、现有技术并不能彻底清除HIV感染者体内病毒贮存库,感染者需要终生服药以及药物不良反应等一系列问题亟待解决。纳米粒子具有剂量低、不良反应小、一致性强、低成本、生物利用度高、靶向特异性强、诊断灵敏度高等优点,未来有望成为攻克艾滋病的一种方法。本文就纳米材料与纳米相关技术应用在艾滋病诊断及治疗方面的最新进展做一综述,为艾滋病诊治研究提供新的解决思路。

With the widespread use of antiretroviral therapy(ART), HIV has become a chronic disease. However,many problems need to be solved urgently, such as no preventive vaccines. In addition, there is also a long window period for diagnosis. Above all, the existing technology can not eliminate the virus reservoirs in the people living with HIV.Therefore, they have to take ART for life and endure the side effects. Nanoparticles may be a proper approach to combating HIV via offering lower dosages with minor side effects, better patient-to-patient consistency, lower cost, high bioavailability, strong targeting specificity, and diagnostic sensitivity. This paper reviews the latest progress in applying nanomaterials and nanotechnology in HIV diagnosis, treatment, and prevention.