低谷蛋白稻米组分蛋白提取工艺优化

Optimization of Extraction Technology of Low-gluten Rice Component Protein

为确定低谷蛋白稻米蛋白质组分的最优提取条件,以低谷蛋白水稻D105为材料,用连续提取法,在优化提取液浓度的基础上,采用响应面法(RSM)优化各组分蛋白的提取条件。结果表明,球蛋白提取最适提取氯化钠溶液浓度为0.6 mol/L、醇溶蛋白最适乙醇体积分数为80%、谷蛋白的最适提取氢氧化钠浓度为0.04 mol/L;基于单因素实验,选择料液比、提取时间、提取温度、提取次数为自变量,以各组分蛋白提取量为响应值,利用Box-Behnken(BB)中心组合设计4因素三水平实验,确定清蛋白最佳提取条件为:料液比1∶22、提取温度31.6℃、提取时间43 min、提取3次;球蛋白最佳提取条件为:料液比1∶20、提取温度33.1℃、提取时间22 min、提取3次;醇溶蛋白最佳提取条件为:料液比1∶21、提取温度34.6℃、提取时间40 min、提取2次;谷蛋白最佳提取条件为:料液比1∶16、提取温度34.7℃、提取时间22 min、提取3次。在此条件下稻米各组分蛋白的提取量分别为:清蛋白4.26 mg/g、球蛋白9.76 mg/g、醇溶蛋白2.27 mg/g、谷蛋白23.60 mg/g,与预测值的相对误差分别为0.0187、0.0563、0.0308、0.014,表明响应面法优化所得提取工艺条件较好,具有应用价值。

In order to determine the optimal extraction conditions for the protein components of low-gluten rice,the low-gluten rice D105 was used as the material.On the basis of use of continuous extraction and optimization of extracting solution concentration,response surface method(RSM)was used to optimize the component proteins.The results indicated that the optimal extraction concentration of sodium chloride solution for globulin was 0.6mol/L,the optimal ethanol volume fraction for gliadin was 80%,and the optimum concentration of sodium hydroxide for extraction of glutenin was 0.04 mol/L.The material-liquid ratio,extraction time,extraction temperature,and extraction times were independent variables,and the extracting amount of the component protein was used as the response value.The Box-Behnken(BB)central combination design four-factor and three-level test was used to determine the best extraction conditions for albumin.The albumin express best extraction conditions when the material-liquid ratio was 1∶22,extraction temperature was 31.6℃,extraction lasted for 43 minutes,extraction times was 3 times;the globulin express best extraction conditions when material-liquid ratio was 1∶20,extraction temperature was 33.1℃,extraction lasted for 22 minutes,extraction times was 3 times;the gliadin express best extraction conditions when the material-liquid ratio was 1∶21,extraction temperature was 34.6℃,extraction lasted for 40 minutes,extraction times was 2 times and the gluten express best extraction conditions when the material-liquid ratio was 1∶16,extraction temperature was 34.7℃,extraction lasted for 22 minutes,extraction times was 3 times.Under these conditions,the amounts of protein extracted from each component of were albumin,globulin,gliadin and gluten were 4.26,9.76,2.27 mg/g and 23.60 mg/g,respectively,and the relative error of the predicted value were 0.0187,0.0563,0.0308 and 0.014,respectively,indicating that the extraction process conditions optimized by response surface method were better and had application values.