陕西省城市绿色增长水平时空演变特征及影响因素解析

Spatio-temporal characteristics of urban green growth level and its influencing factors in Shaanxi province

绿色增长是实现人地协调的一种可持续发展模式,对区域绿色发展和生态文明建设的推进具有重要作用。研究以陕西省为例,在系统梳理绿色增长内涵及特征的基础上,构建了绿色增长系统作用机制框架及评价指标体系,运用TOPSIS-灰色关联分析、泰尔指数等方法分析了2008—2017年城市绿色增长水平的时空演变特征及影响因素。结果表明:(1)陕西省城市绿色增长水平总体呈现“上升—下降—上升”的“N”型波动上升变化过程。(2)空间分布上,城市绿色增长水平存在明显的区域差异,且有进一步扩大的趋势;空间演化上,地区内差异略呈下降趋势,而地区间差异上升趋势明显。(3)区域生态环境(X_(3))、生活质量环境(X_(4))和政策支持环境(X_(5))是制约陕西省绿色增长水平的主要障碍因素,且不同准则层在城市间的障碍作用存在明显的空间分异。(4)全省层面上,对城市绿色增长水平阻碍作用最大的5个因子依次是废气治理设施处理能力X_(43)、单位GDP能耗下降率X_(31)、科研和技术服务从业人员数X_(54)、建成区绿化覆盖率X_(49)和一般工业固体废物综合利用率X_(42);在城市层面上,X_(54)的阻碍作用最强,其次是X_(43)、X_(31)、每万人拥有公交车和出租车辆数X_(48)以及人均GDP X_(21)。(5)外部环境驱动方面,产业结构、科技创新能力两个要素对陕西绿色增长的贡献度最大,其次是贸易水平、市场化水平、城镇化水平和人口密度。据此,从构建多元化能源结构体系、完善绿色增长相关政策制度、优化外部环境条件等五方面提出对策建议。

Green growth is a sustainable development mode to realize the coordination between human and land,which plays an important role in promoting regional green development and ecological civilization construction.Taking Shaanxi province as an example,based on the systematic analysis of the connotation and characteristics of green growth,this paper constructs the mechanism framework and evaluation index system of green growth system,and analyzes the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics and influencing factors of urban green growth level from 2008 to 2017 by using TOPSIS grey correlation analysis and Theil index.The results show that:(1)The level of urban green growth in Shaanxi province presents a"rise-drop-rise"fluctuation process.(2)In terms of spatial distribution,there are obvious regional differences in the level of urban green growth,and there is a trend of further expansion;in terms of spatial evolution,the intra-regional differences show a slight downward trend,while the inter-regional differences have an obvious upward trend.(3)Regional ecological environment(X_(3)),quality of life environment(X_(4))and policy support environment(X_(5))are the main obstacles to the green growth level of Shaanxi,and there are obvious spatial differences in the barrier effect of different standard layers among cities.(4)On the provincial level,the five factors that hinder the level of urban green growth are the treatment capacity of waste gas treatment facilities(X_(43)),the decline rate of energy consumption per unit GDP(X_(31)),the number of employees engaged in scientific research and technical services(X_(54)),the green coverage rate of built-up areas(X_(49)),and the comprehensive utilization rate of general industrial solid waste(X_(42));on the urban level,X54 has the strongest blocking effect,followed by X_(43),X_(31),the number of buses and taxis per 10000 people(X_(48))and the per capita GDP(X_(21)).(5)In the aspect of external environment driving,industrial structure,scientific and technological innovation ability contribute the most to Shaanxi's green growth,followed by trade level,marketization level,urbanization level and population density.Finally,the paper puts forward countermeasures and suggestions from five aspects,such as building a diversified energy structure system,improving green growth related policies and systems,and optimizing external environmental conditions.