为什么越来越多的农户选择跨村流转土地

Why More and More Farmers Are Transferring Land Across Villages?

降低土地流转"本村化"有利于整合土地流转市场和提高土地配置效率。运用2015—2019年16个省份12576户微观调查数据,分析农户跨村流转土地的变化趋势,并实证检验背后的驱动因素。研究发现:(1)跨村转出土地和转入土地的农户比例均逐渐增加;(2)农户生产率提高、农户非农就业机会增多和农业补贴政策向经营者倾斜会激励农户跨村流转土地;(3)经济区域为农区、地势为平原、乡镇政府所在地和距离公路干道较近村庄的土地跨村流转活动更为活跃,村庄道路基础设施建设和村政府是否参与流转平台建设对土地跨村流转有显著影响;(4)未来农业机械化发展、耕地禀赋变化、经济结构转型和农作物价格变化也将显著影响土地跨村流转发展。

Reducing the within-village localization in rural land rental markets is helpful to integrate land markets and then increase land allocation efficiency further.Based on the survey data of 12576 farmers in sixteen provinces from 2015 to 2019,this paper analyses the time trend of cross-village land transfer firstly and then uses the alternative-specific-conditional Logit model to investigate the determinants of transferring land cross village.The results show that the percentage of farmers who transferred-out and transferred-in land cross village has increased steadily in past several years.At the household level,household productivity increase,off-farm employment opportunities increase and agricultural subsidy policy tendency to land operator had promoted the land to be transferred cross village.At the village level,cross-village land transfer activities are more active in villages located in the agriculture zone,plain topography,seated in the town government district,and has a closer distance to county or province highways.Meanwhile,road infrastructure construction and whether the land circulation platform is intervened by the village office also had a significant impact on cross-village land transfer activities.At the county level,agriculture machinery development,arable land endowments change,structural transformation,and agricultural product price change will affect significantly the activities of cross-village land transfer in the future.