农业产业组织能否影响农户安全生产行为——来自陕西省眉县500户猕猴桃种植户的证据

Can the Agricultural Industrial Organization Influence the Farmers’Safe Production Behavior?——Evidence from 500 Kiwifruit Rural Households in Mei County,Shaanxi Province

本文基于陕西省眉县500户农户的入户调研数据,运用Logit模型分析影响农户加入农业产业组织的诱因,采用倾向得分匹配(PSM)法测算农业产业组织对农户安全生产行为的影响效应,并比较影响效应在不同年龄、受教育程度、种植规模下的组群差异。研究发现,户主的年龄、农户参加安全质量培训次数、猕猴桃种植规模、对《农产品质量安全法》的了解程度和政府检测猕猴桃农药残留次数是影响农户加入农业产业组织主要诱因;农户加入农业产业组织能够显著带动其采取安全生产行为;农业产业组织对农户安全生产行为的影响存在明显的组群差异,户主年龄为55岁及以下、户主受教育程度为初中及以上、猕猴桃种植规模为10亩以下的农户加入农业产业组织后,其安全生产行为的改善程度明显高于其他类型农户。因此,本文提出要引导农户加入农业产业组织,通过各种补贴政策支持各类农业产业组织发展,更好地发挥农业产业组织对农户尤其是特定农户群体安全生产行为的带动作用。

Based on the survey data collected from 500 rural households in Mei County,Shaanxi Province,this article uses a Logit model to analyze the main factors affecting farmers’participation in Agricultural Industrial Organization(AIO),uses the propensity score matching method(PSM)to measure the effect of AIO on farmers’safe production behavior,and compares the group differences under varied ages,education levels and planting scale.The results showed that factors such as the age of household head,the frequency of farmers participating in the training of safety quality,the scale of planting Kiwifruit,the understanding of the law of quality and safety of agricultural products,and frequency of government tests for kiwifruit pesticide residues have significantly affected farmers’participation in AIO.AIO can significantly drive farmers to adopt safe production behavior.In addition,there are obvious group differences in the impact of AIO on farmers’safe production behavior.After joining the AIO,farmers whose household heads are 55 years old or younger,whose educational level of household heads are junior high school or above,and whose Kiwifruit planting scale is less than 10 acres,have significantly improved their safe production behaviors than other types of farmers.Therefore,this study proposes that farmers should be guided to join the AIO,and various subsidy policies should be adopted to support the development of various AIOs,in order to play the leading role of AIO in driving the farmers’safe production behavior,especially specific groups of farmers.