广东树木公园鸟类多样性及群落结构变化特征

Changes in Bird Diversity and Community Structure at Guangdong Tree Park

2019年7月—2020年12月对广东树木公园的鸟类多样性进行调查,对公园内鸟类物种群落结构的动态变化进行了分析。结果表明:公园内分布有繁殖鸟类13目37科81种,其中国家二级重点保护鸟类6种,广东省重点保护鸟类8种;调查的81种鸟类中,优势种3种,常见种15种,稀有种29种,罕见种34种;东洋界鸟类和留鸟占优势;树木公园鸟类多样性存在季节性差异:种类和数量、多样性指数9—12月逐渐上升。树木公园内鸟类群落结构反映了城市森林公园在维持鸟类多样性,以及充当迁徙鸟类的“踏脚石”发挥了重要的作用。

Bird diversity at Tree Park of Guangdong Province was investigated from July 2019 to December 2020,and changes in bird community structure over time were analyzed and summarized.The results showed that 81 species of 37 families and 13 orders of breeding birds were distributed in the park.Of them,six species were under national levelⅡkey protection and eight species were under Guangdong Province key protection.Among the 81 recorded bird species,there were three dominant species,15 common species,29 rare species and 34 uncommon species.Oriental Realm birds and resident birds were dominant.Bird diversity varied with seasons:the total number of bird species and individuals,as well as diversity index increased gradually from autumn(September)to winter(December),and there was no significant difference in bird community structure from January to August.Seasonal changes in bird community structure with in Tree Park illustrate the important role of urban parks in maintaining bird diversity and as stepping stones for migratory birds.