中国冰冻圈文化服务专题区划研究

Special regionalization of cryosphere culture service in China

本文以中国冰冻圈服务综合区划、自然和人文地理区划等理论、方法为基础,综合中国冰冻圈主要组成要素(冰川、冻土、积雪)及其社会文化要素(民族、历史、聚落、旅游文化和行政区划),采用相似性与差异性、综合性与主导性、等级性与逻辑性和空间连续与行政边界相结合的方法,提出了"文化服务+文化产业+经济开发"导向的中国冰冻圈文化服务专题区划方案。根据空间聚类方法和专家判断,将其划分为青藏高原冰川—冻土—积雪文化区、西北冰川—积雪文化区、东北冻土—积雪文化区、北方积雪文化区和南方积雪文化区5个一级区划大区,依据文化与地域要素异质性原则,再细分为12个二级区划亚类和51个三级区划基本类型。专题区划方案与中国冰冻圈空间分布、中国自然地理综合区划、中国人文地理综合区划等的吻合度较高,体现了冰冻圈组成要素与冰冻圈区域文化要素的依存关系及区域空间异质性规律。本文深化了对中国冰冻圈文化服务及其空间异质性的认知,可为冰冻圈文化保护、传承、发扬,以及不同区域冰冻圈文化、旅游产业的开发及相关产业的运营、管理提供科学依据。

Drawing on the theories and methods of China’s cryosphere service regionalization,physical and human geography regionalization, this paper integrates the components of China’s cryosphere(glaciers, frozen soil and snow cover) and its social and cultural elements(nationalities, history, settlements, tourism culture and administrative divisions) and puts forward a special regionalization scheme of Chinese cryosphere culture service oriented by "cultural service+cultural industry+economic development" by using the methods of similarity and difference, comprehensiveness and dominance, hierarchy and logic, spatial continuity and administrative boundary. Based on spatial clustering method and the expert judgment, Chinese cryosphere culture divisions can be identified into five regions, namely, Qinghai-Tibet Plateau glacier-frozen soil-snow cover-culture region, northwestern China glacier-snow cover culture region, northeastern China frozen soil-snow cover culture region, northern China snow cover culture region and southern China snow cover culture region. According to the heterogeneity of culture and region, the five regions can be divided into 12 subcategories and 51 basic types.The thematic regionalization scheme is in good agreement with the spatial distribution of the cryosphere and the comprehensive regionalization of physical geography and human geography, which reflects the interdependent relationship between natural elements of the cryosphere and cultural elements of the cryosphere region and the rules of regional spatial heterogeneity. This research can deepen the understanding of China’s cryospheric cultural service and their spatial heterogeneity, and provides a scientific basis for the protection,inheritance and promotion of cryospheric culture, as well as the development of cryospheric tourism industry, and the operation and management of related industries in different regions.