论法学的科学性问题

On the Scientific Character of Legal Science

法学的实践性实际上是与法学的科学性联系在一起的。在历史上,有学者(比如冯·基尔希曼)认为,法学作为"科学"从理论上说是无价值的,它并非"科学"。应当看到,法学是一门以"问题-决定"为中心、以某个特定的在历史上形成的实在法秩序为基础、采取诠释-评价的论证方式来探求法律问题之答案(解决法律问题)的(实践)规范性诠释科学,它有自己的知识与真理的鉴别标准,法学"真理"的获得是从"意见"不断向"知识"或"真理"的梯度上升过程。在此过程中,法学(法教义学)必须具备一些学科规准和条件,从而确立其作为一门独立科学的性质。

The practical character of legal science is actually linked with its scientific character.Historically,some scholars(e.g.,Von Kirchmann)have argued that the legal science as a"science"is theoretically worthless and it is not a"science".It should be noted that the legal science is a(practical)normative and interpretive science centered on"problem-decision",based on a particular historically formed positive legal order and adopting an interpretive-evaluative argument to find answers to legal questions(solving legal issues).It has its own criteria for the identification of knowledge and truth.The process of obtaining"truth"is a gradient rise from"opinion"to"knowledge"or"truth".In this process,the legal science(legal dogmatics)must have some disciplinary standards and conditions,so as to establish its nature as an independent science.