国土空间生态修复布局研究进展

Research progress on the arrangement of territorial ecological restoration

实施国土空间生态修复是新时期生态文明建设的重要途径。国土空间生态保护与修复的布局影响着保护实施力度、工程修复成效以及社会资源分配,是科学开展生态修复工作的前置条件和基础环节。论文在辨析生态修复相关概念关联的基础上,从区域识别和时序判别2个层面出发,结合文献计量学分析整理了国际生态修复布局研究现状,梳理了景观"格局—过程—服务—可持续"理论范式在国土空间生态修复布局研究中的应用。论文提出了支撑可持续发展的生态保护修复目标构建、以社会满意度为导向的生态修复时空需求权衡、面向多重成本的生态修复成本科学评估、在生态刚性约束背景下的基于自然解决方案、恢复力思想下生态保护和人工修复决策阈值、基于时空模拟的生态保护与修复工程选址决策6项重要研究趋向,从而架构了耦合社会—生态目标的国土空间生态修复布局研究路径,以期为国土空间生态修复相关研究和实践提供参考。

The implementation of ecological restoration of territorial space is an important way to construct ecological civilization in the new era. The arrangement of ecological protection and restoration is the precondition and basic link for scientifically carrying out ecological restoration, which affects the protection implementation, the effectiveness of engineering restoration, and the allocation of social resources. Based on the analyses of the relationship of the concepts related to ecological restoration, and from the perspectives of region identification and temporal sequence identification, this study used bibliographic analysis to examine the current research status of the ecological restoration arrangement internationally, and reviewed the application of the theoretical paradigm of landscape "pattern-process-service-sustainability" in the study of the arrangement of terrestrial ecological restoration. This article identified six important research trends, including the construction of ecological protection and restoration goals that support sustainable development, the balance of spatial and temporal needs for ecological restoration based on social satisfaction, opportunity cost-oriented ecological restoration cost evaluation, natural solutions based on ecological rigid constraints, decision-making threshold of ecological protection and artificial restoration under the concept of resilience, and location decisions for ecological protection and restoration projects based on spatial and temporal simulation, to construct a terrestrial ecological restoration arrangement research system coupled with social-ecological goals. It may provide a reference for the research and practice of ecological restoration of territorial space.