外负载TiO_(2)功能化改性木材研究现状

Research Status of Titanium Dioxide Functionalized Wood

TiO_(2)作为一种新型无机纳米改性剂,对于改善木材尺寸稳定性差、易燃、易朽、不耐虫蛀、易变色、耐老化性差等缺点,赋予其新的功能性具有良好的效果。文中主要对比了TiO_(2)负载木材的方法,即表面涂覆、水热法、溶胶-凝胶法和超声波辅助溶胶-凝胶法的机理和优缺点;分析了TiO_(2)改性对木材内部构造及微观结构的影响,归纳了TiO_(2)改性对木材吸湿性和力学性能的影响;概述了TiO_(2)在防水、阻燃、防腐、耐候、防变色、光催化和亲疏水双面功能型木材及磁吸附木材中的应用研究现状;归纳总结了TiO_(2)在改性木材科学研究中存在的问题,并提出合理建议,以期为实际生产和科学研究提供参考。

As a new kind of inorganic nano-modifier, titanium dioxide(TiO_(2)) has a good effect on improving the original defects of wood, such as poor dimensional stability, flammability, easy to decay, poor resistance to moth, easy to change color, poor aging resistance and thus it can help wood gain new functions. The paper compares the fabrication methods of TiO_(2) modified wood, including surface coating, hydrothermal method,sol-gel method and ultrasonic assisted sol-gel method, and their advantages and disadvantages. The effects of TiO_(2) modification on wood internal structure and microstructure as well as on the hygroscopicity and mechanical properties are analyzed. The applications of TiO_(2) modified wood to waterproof, flame retardant,anticorrosive, weather resistant, anti-discoloration, photocatalytic and lyphobic-lyphilic functional wood and to magnetically adsorbed wood are summarized. At the end, the existing problems in the research on TiO_(2) modified wood are summarized, and reasonable suggestions are put forward to provide references for the future production and scientific research.